last minute things i missed

Question 1

How does the process of aldosterone affect water levels

Answer 1

1 causes constriction of blood vessels

1)ow blood presasure and blood volume

2)rennin is released, rennin converts a plasma protein into angiotensin 11

3) angiotensin has two important functions

#2stimulates release of aldosterone from adrenal gland

4) aldestrone is carried in blood to the kidneys

actsl on nephrons to increase Na+ and H2O reabsorption

Question 2

key things to note about wwater balance

Answer 2

during the production of ADH in the hypothalamus, after the sensors detect a change in osmotic pressure, the cells of the hyupothalamus shrink, and the nerve message is sent to the pituitary gland

then pituitary gland stores and releases ADH into blood

Question 3

compare the renal artery with the renal vein

Answer 3

renal artery has wastes but also lots of nutrients like glucose and amino acids, etc
then the blood is sent into the nephron and is selectively reabsorbed back into blood for the renal vein while the urea and the rest of wastes are urinated

while the renal vein only has the nutrients but the wastes are diffused in the nephron

Question 4

neurons said messages ___________

Answer 4

ELECTROCHEMICALLY

Question 5

BEST DEFINITINO FOR ACTION POTENTIAL

Answer 5

HOW INFORMATION PASSES ALONG A NERVE AS AN ELECTRICAL CURRENT

Question 6

WHAT IS MORE POLARIZED, -90MV OR -70MV

Answer 6

-90MV

Question 7

how is uric acid created

Answer 7

breakdown of nucleic acids such as DNA

Question 8

what organism produces ammonia as a nitrogenous waste

Answer 8

fish (flushing)

Question 9

what organism produces uric acid as a nitrogenous waste

Answer 9

birds and reptiles

Question 10

what organism produces urea as a nitrogenous waste

Answer 10

amphibians and mammals

Question 11

better definition of ADH

Answer 11

 helps regulate osmotic pressure of body fluids by causing kidneys to
increase water reabsorption

Question 12

ADH can cause…

hint

Nacl

Answer 12

High NaCl in intercellular spaces draws water out of nephron into blood
again

Question 13

what is the difference between Epinephrine(adrenalin) and Norepinephrine(noradrenaline)

Answer 13

Noradrenaline is the main neurotransmitter of the sympathetic nerves in the cardiovascular system. Adrenaline is the main hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla.

Question 14

difference between sensory receptors and sensory neurons

Answer 14

Sensory receptors are either specialized cells associated with sensory neurons or the specialized ends of sensory neurons that are a part of the peripheral nervous system, and they are used to receive information about the environment (internal or external).

Question 15

how many impulses per second to be transmitted across the neuromuscular
junction (synaptic cleft area)

Answer 15

1000

Question 16

the resting potential concentration of ions is kept constant through what?

Answer 16

the resting potential concentration of ions is kept constant through Na+/K+ pumps

Question 17

when explaining the all or none law dont forget too?

Answer 17

talk about how the firing of a neuron is similar to a gun, either it does or does not depedning on threshold is reached

also amplitude of stimulus remains constant, although the frequency is what changes the strength of a stimulus

Question 18

affects of alcohol on your nervous system

Answer 18

increase turnover of norepinephrine and dopamine
increase in GABA or gamma aminobutyric acid
decrease in transmission of acetylcholine neurotransmitter
increase turnover in beta endorphin

Question 19

what detects the change in extra cellular fluid for aldosterone

Answer 19

sensory receptors in heart and blood vessels signal the gland cells at the wall of the glomerulus to make rennin