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BDS3 ANATOMY Student 1 > 20 - Oral cavity > Flashcards

20 - Oral cavity Flashcards

1
Q

What are the borders of the oral cavity?

A

Roof - hard and soft palate
Floor - tongue, floor of mouth
Lateral walls - cheeks
Anterior - oral fissure, lips
Posterior - oropharyngeal isthmus

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2
Q

What is the oral vestibule?

A

Area between teeth and cheeks

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3
Q

What is the oral cavity proper?

A

Area from the teeth to the oropharyngeal isthmus

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4
Q

Describe the lips.

A
  • mobile musculo-fibrous folds
  • lined externally by skin and internally by oral mucosa
  • orbicularis oris is the main muscular contribution
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5
Q

What is the philtrum?

A

Depression in the midline above the upper lip

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6
Q

What is the blood supply of the lips?

A

Labial arteries are branches of the facial artery, which anastomose together to form an arterial ring

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7
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the lips?

A

Upper - CN V2 (infraorbital)
Lower - CN V3 (mental)

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8
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the lips?

A
  • submandibular nodes
  • except for lower middle lip which drains to the submental nodes
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9
Q

Describe the cheeks.

A
  • lateral moveable walls of oral cavity
  • continuous anteriorly with lips
  • composed of muscle and fascia, lined externally with skin and internally with oral mucosa
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10
Q

What is the main muscular component of the cheeks?

A

Buccinator

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11
Q

Where is the buccal fat pad located?

A

Superficial to buccinator

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12
Q

What is the blood supply of the cheeks?

A

Maxillary artery

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13
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the cheeks?

A

Buccal branches of CN V3

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14
Q

What is the motor innervation of the cheeks?

A

Buccal branch of CN VII

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15
Q

What are key features of the oral vestibule?

A
  • labial frenulum (connects gingiva to lips) in midline
  • buccal frenulum laterally
  • papilla of parotid duct (near maxillary 2nd molar)
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16
Q

What forms the floor of the mouth?

A
  • muscular diaphragm by paired mylohyoid muscles
  • mylohyoid muscles attach from the mylohyoid line on mandible to body of hyoid and into each other, forming the raphe in the midline
  • paired geniohyoid muscles sit superior to the mylohyoid raphe
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17
Q

What separates the anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

Terminal sulcus and valate papilllae

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18
Q

What are the different types of tastebuds?

A
  • fungiform
  • foliate
  • vallate
  • filiform
19
Q

Describe fungiform papillae.

A
  • mushroom like
  • appear as red spots
  • numerous at apex and margins
20
Q

Describe foliate papillae.

A

Folds of mucosa lining posterior and lateral superior surface of tongue

21
Q

Describe vallate papillae.

A
  • largest papillae
  • arranged in V shape anterior to terminal sulcus
  • surrounded by circular trenches
  • tastebuds are within the trenches
  • serous glands empty into trenches
22
Q

Describe filiform papillae.

A
  • only papillae without tastebuds
  • conical projections with efferent nerve endings
23
Q

What is the function of the papillae on the surface of the tongue?

A

Grip food and house tastebuds

24
Q

Describe the inferior surface of the tongue.

A
  • thin transparent mucosa is continuous with that of the floor of the mouth
  • midline marked by frenulum of the tongue
  • deep lingual vein can be seen either side of frenulum
  • sublingual caruncle houses submandibular duct
  • sublingual ducts open laterally to sublingual caruncle
25
Q

What is the function of intrinsic tongue muscles?

A

Change the shape and size of tongue

26
Q

What are the intrinsic tongue muscles?

A
  • superior longitudinal
  • inferior longitudinal
  • vertical
  • transverse
27
Q

What is the function of the extrinsic tongue muscles?

A
  • originate from outside the tongue
  • protrude, retract, elevate and depress the tongue
28
Q

What are the extrinsic tongue muscles?

A
  • palatoglossus
  • styloglossus
  • hyoglossus
  • genioglossus
29
Q

Describe the muscles of the tongue.

A
  • 4 intrinsic and 4 extrinsic
  • all paired
  • paired muscles are separated by sagittal septum (continuous with lingual aperoneurosis)
  • intrinsic muscles are entirely within tongue, do not attach to bone
  • extrinsic muscles originate from outwith the tongue
30
Q

What is the origin and insertion of genioglossus?

A

Origin - superior mental spines of mandible
Insertion - inferior fibres attach to hyoid bone, superior fibres blend with intrinsic muscles of tongue

31
Q

What is the origin and insertion of hyoglossus?

A

Origin - greater horn of hyoid bone
Insertion - fibres blend with intrinsic muscles on lateral aspects

32
Q

What is the origin and insertion of palatoglossus?

A

Origin - palatine aponeurosis
Insertion - fibres blend with intrinsic muscles on lateral surface

33
Q

What is the origin and insertion of styloglossus?

A

Origin - styloid process of temporal bone
Insertion - fibres blend with intrinsic muscles and superior fibres of hyoglossus

34
Q

What is the function of genioglossus?

A

Protruding the tongue

35
Q

What is the function of hyoglossus?

A

Depresses sides of the tongue

36
Q

What is the function of styloglossus?

A

Elevating and retracting tongue

37
Q

What is the function of palatoglossus?

A
  • depresses soft palate
  • elevate posterior tongue
38
Q

What neurovascular structures surround the muscles of the tongue?

A
  • lingual artery enters tongue between hyoglossus and genioglossus
  • hypoglossal and lingual nerve enter tongue o the internal surface of the hyoglossus
39
Q

What is the motor innervation of the tongue?

A
  • all muscles are supplied by hypoglossal nerve
  • except palatoglossus by vagus nerve
40
Q

What is the general sensation innervation of the tongue?

A

Anterior 2/3 - CN V3
Posterior 1/3 - glossopharyngeal nerve

41
Q

What is the special sensation innervation of the tongue?

A

Anterior 2/3 - facial nerve via chorda tympani
Posterior 1/3 (and valate papillae) - glossopharyngeal nerve

42
Q

What nerve supplies parasympathetic secreto-motor innervation to the tongue?

A

Vagus nerve to the serous glands of the tongue

43
Q

What is the blood supply of the tongue?

A

Lingual artery from the ECA

44
Q

What is the venous drainage of the tongue?

A

Deep lingual and dorsal lingual veins drain the tongue, beginning at the apex, draining into the IJV

BDS3 ANATOMY Student 1 (27 decks)

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