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pmp 103 practice of pharmacy > Symptoms in the pharmacy - Pain > Flashcards

Symptoms in the pharmacy - Pain Flashcards

1
Q

Pain

A
  • Unpleasent sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage
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2
Q

Analgesic

A
  • Medicine to reduce pain
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3
Q

Paracetamol

A
  • Reduces produtction of prostaglandin in brain and spinal cord
  • Safe for pregnancy and breast feeding
  • Caulate dose based on mg/kg
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4
Q

Parcetamol suspension

A
  • 2 months for most immunisation pyrexia
  • > 3 months for fever and pain
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5
Q

Paracetamol tablet

A
  • Not licenced for children under the age of 10 years choking hazard
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6
Q

Caution for paracetamol

A
  • People with liver and kidney disfunction
  • Warfarin interaction increase interaction
  • Overdose - nausea and vomiting could cause liver failure
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7
Q

Anti-inflammatory

NSAID

A
  • Iboprofen
  • Asprin
  • Naproxen
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8
Q

Mechanism for Iboprofen

A
  • Inhibit prostioglandin synthesis reversibly inhibiting COX enzymes
  • COX-1 produces PG melps maintain gastic mucosal integrety and irritated blood clotting
  • COX-2 produces PG that mediates pain and inflammation
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9
Q

NSAID may not be suitable

A
  • Asthma
  • Kidney imparement
  • Cardiovasular disease
  • ## Previous stomach ulcer
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10
Q

Contraindications of NSAID

A
  • Hypertensitivity
  • Active peptic ulceration or gastric bleeding
  • Pregnacy of 30 weeks
  • Brestfeeding
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11
Q

Codine

A
  • Is not licenced as a single medicine must be combined
  • Tolerance and dependance max of 3 days
  • 8mg/500mg codine and paracetamol
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12
Q

Codine structure

A
  • Activates and binds to Mu opioid receptor in the brain
  • Metabolised by liver enzymes
  • Pro-medication broken down to morphine
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13
Q

Side effects of codine

A
  • Constipation
  • Nausea and drowsiness
  • Contrindication pregnancy
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14
Q

Caffine

A
  • Increases absorbtion and stimulates the analgisiac
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15
Q

Antihistamines

A

Antihistamines act as muscle relaxant help with sleep

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16
Q

Primary

Dysmenorrhoea

A
  • 6 to 12 months after first period
  • 1-3 days of menstration
  • Prostioglandin production vasopressin
17
Q

Secondary

Dysmenorrhoea

A
  • Endometriosis
  • Utrine fibrodis
  • More severe bleeding
18
Q

When do you refer

A
  • Fracture and dislocation
  • nubness
  • Inability to move
19
Q

PRICE

A
  • Protection
  • Rest
  • Ice
  • Compression
  • Elevation
20
Q

Sprain and strain

A
  • Cold products 28-72 hours after injury
  • Paracetamol and topical NSAID is the first line of treatment
21
Q

Risk factors for sprains

A
  • Fitness
  • Weight
  • Mental Health
  • Job related activities
  • Smoking
22
Q

Sciatica

A
  • Irritation or compression of sciatic nerve
23
Q

Treatment Sciatica

A
  • Moving and exercise exercise program
  • Unlikely to have effect of eradicating pain with analgisiac
24
Q

Management for lower back pain

A
  • Naproxen and iboprofen antinflammatory according to NICE guidelines
25
Q

Back pain red flags

A
  • Major trauma
  • Minor trauma could be fracture
  • Age bacterial infection immunosupression - could be tumor
26
Q

Treatment

Osteoartheritis

A
  • Paracetamol or topical NSAID
  • Concider oral NSAID simple analgisiac
  • Concider weak opioid codine when required if NSAIDS are not effective
  • Weight management
27
Q

Medication Overuseheadache

A
  • Effect of medication wears off after use
  • headache for >15 and overuse would be 3 months
  • Opiods >10 days concider overuse
28
Q

Migrane Aura

A
  • Warning signal before migrane
  • Visual disterbances pre warning sign
29
Q

Primary Dysmenorrhoea

A
  • Pain without underlying causes
  • Manage in community pharmacy
30
Q

Secondary Dysmenorrhoea

A

Pain with underlying disease, e.g.
endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease

31
Q

Meningitis

A
  • Could be caused by bacteria or virus adverse effect
  • Fever cold hands and feet not everyone gets a rash
  • Pale rash non blanche
  • Stiff neck

pmp 103 practice of pharmacy (41 decks)

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