Module 7 lecture, part 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is cost-plus reimbursement also called?

A

Retrospective reimbursement

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2
Q

Is there incentive to control costs or judicious use of svcs in cost-plus reimbursement?

A

No

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3
Q

What has cost-plus reimbursement largely been replaced by?

A

Prospective methods

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4
Q

What are still paid under cost-plus reimbursement?

A

Critical access hospitals in rural areas

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5
Q

What does prospective reimbursement use, and what does it enable Medicare to do?

A

Established criteria to determine in advance the amt of reimbursement
Enables Medicare to predict future HC spending

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6
Q

What are incentives to reduce costs in prospective reimbursement?

A

Making a profit by keeping their operating costs below the fixed prospective rates

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7
Q

What does the ACA direct Medicare to do in terms of prospective reimbursement?

A

Develop “value-based purchasing methods that incorporate pay for performance
-To reduce reimbursement while improving quality and efficiency
-Requires orgs to report quality data to the CMS, or face penalties

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8
Q

What are the types of prospective reimbursement?

A

Diagnosis-related Groups (DRGs)
Psychiatric DRGs
Outpatient Prospective Payment System based on ambulatory payment classifications (APC)
Case-mix methods

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9
Q

What are the case-mix methods?

A

Resource Utilization Groups
Case Mix Groups
Home Health Resource Groups (HHRGs)

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10
Q

Definition of disbursement of funds

A

To verify and pay the claims received from the provider after services are delivered

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11
Q

When does claims processing occur?

A

After svcs are delivered

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12
Q

What does claims processing do?

A

Verify and pay claims submitted

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13
Q

What does a third-party administrator (TPA) do?

A

Process and pay claims
Monitor utilization; perform oversight functions

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14
Q

Who uses a third-party administrator?

A

Self-insured employers
Insurance companies
MCOs

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15
Q

Who is the third-party administrator for Medicare and Medicaid?

A

BlueCross/Blue Shield and commercial insurance companies

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16
Q

Who processes Medicare part A claims?

A

Fiscal intermediaries

17
Q

Who processes Medicare part B claims?

A

Carriers

18
Q

Issues related to value and affordability

A

10 yr (2014-2023) federal costs estimated to be $1,375 billion
This does not include costs to be borne by the state, employers, and individuals.
ACA provisions led to higher insurance premiums and higher taxes

19
Q

What are current directions and issues with HC financing?

A

Value and affordability
Adverse selection
Intentional churning
Cost shifting
Fraud and abuse

20
Q

Issues related to adverse selection

A

High-risk individuals with a greater incentive to enroll, then premiums have to be raised for everyone
Employers with younger workforces likely to opt for self-insurance

21
Q

Issues related to cost shifting

A

ACA coverage expansion paid by reducing payments to hospitals and other providers
Cost shifting through premium increases for health insurance

22
Q

Issues related to fraud and abuse

A

Fraudulent billing: 3% to 10% of total HC spending
Penalties for delaying or refusing the DHHS access to information in connection with audits and investigations

23
Q

Definition of churning

A

A phenomenon where individuals purchase insurance only after they have a HC need and subsequently cancel the coverage once the need no longer exists