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BIOSTAT > MEASURES OF DISEASE FREQUENCY & MORBIDITY (PART 2) > Flashcards

MEASURES OF DISEASE FREQUENCY & MORBIDITY (PART 2) Flashcards

1
Q

State of being symptomatic or unhealthy for a
disease/condition

A

MORBIDITY

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2
Q

Presence of disease in a population

A

MORBIDITY

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3
Q

Comorbidity-state of having 2
morbidities

A

Presence of disease in a population

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4
Q

Two categories of measurement to describe
Morbidity Frequency of disease in a specified
population:

A

○ Incidence (new cases)
○ Prevalence (existing cases-old &
new)

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5
Q

Occurrence of new cases of events (disease,
injury, death, etc.) in a population at risk over a
specified period of time.

A

INCIDENCE/INCIDENT CASES

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6
Q

Number of transitions

A

INCIDENCE/INCIDENT CASES

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7
Q

INCIDENCE/INCIDENT CASES Types:

A

○ Incidence Proportion/Risk
○ Incidence Rate/Person-Time Rate

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8
Q

The proportion of initially disease-free
the population that develops new cases of the disease in a specified period of time

A

INCIDENCE PROPORTION/RISK

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9
Q

Measures the probability that healthy people will
develop the disease during a specified time.

A

INCIDENCE PROPORTION/RISK

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10
Q

INCIDENCE PROPORTION/RISK SYNONYMS

A

○ Attack Rate
○ Incidence Risk
○ Probability of Developing Disease
○ Cumulative Incidence

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11
Q

INCIDENCE PROPORTION OF
OVARIAN CANCER
■ Numerator- _____________
■ Denominator- ____________

A

New cases of
ovarian cancer; Number of
women

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12
Q

INCIDENCE PROPORTION/RISK CRITERIA NEEDED

A

○ Knowledge of health status of the study
population
○ Time of onset (acute vs chronic)
○ Specification of numerator
○ Specification of population “at risk”
○ Period of observation

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13
Q

Denominator shouldn’t
include people who are ____________________

A

NOT
susceptible

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14
Q

Number of persons at risk
varies over time. If so, consider
using population size at
________ of the time period.

A

mid-point

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15
Q

PERIOD OF OBSERVATION FOR INCIDENCE PROPORTION/RISK

A

usually 1 year

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16
Q

attack rate =

A

= (# of persons who suffered from attack/ total # of persons at risk of attack) 10^N

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17
Q

form of incidence that measures the proportion of persons in a population who experience an acute health event during a limited period

A

attack rate

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18
Q

total number of new cases divided by total population

A

overall attack rate

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19
Q

number of persons who ate and became ill divided by total number of persons who ate the food

A

Food-specific attack rate

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20
Q

spread of disease in a family, household, dwelling unit, dormitory, or similar circumscribed group

A

Secondary attack rate

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21
Q

Secondary attack rate =

A

(number of cases among contacts of primary cases/ total number of contacts) x 10^n

22
Q

total number of contacts =

A

total population of household minus P^o cases

23
Q

AKA incidence density

A

INCIDENCE RATE/PERSON-TIME RATE

24
Q

Measure of incidence that incorporates time
directly into the denominator.

A

INCIDENCE RATE/PERSON-TIME RATE

25
Q

Estimates how quickly people are acquiring the
disease

A

INCIDENCE RATE/PERSON-TIME RATE

26
Q

Calculated from long-term cohort follow up
study

A

INCIDENCE RATE/PERSON-TIME RATE

27
Q

person-months/ persona years of observation

A

Person-time

28
Q

Risk period is short

A

INCIDENCE PROPORTION

29
Q

Likely to observe the whole
period

A

INCIDENCE PROPORTION

30
Q

Risk period is long

A

INCIDENCE RATE

31
Q

Length of study follow
up period will vary
from study to study

A

INCIDENCE RATE

32
Q

Ex. food poisoning

A

INCIDENCE PROPORTION

33
Q

Ex. most cancers

A

INCIDENCE RATE

34
Q

Want to know what proportion
of population became
infected

A

INCIDENCE PROPORTION

35
Q

Want to know the rate
at which new
infections occur

A

INCIDENCE RATE

36
Q

What is the risk that an
individual will develop the
disease over a given time
interval?

A

INCIDENCE PROPORTION

37
Q

How quickly or
frequently does a
disease occur in a
population?

A

INCIDENCE RATE

38
Q

Not a measure of risk

A

PREVALENCE

39
Q

Proportion of persons in a population when a
particular disease or attribute at a specified point
in time/period

A

PREVALENCE

40
Q

Usually expressed as a percentage

A

. PREVALENCE

41
Q

Used to express burden of disease (new + old /
pre existing case)

A

PREVALENCE

42
Q

Types of prevalence

A

○ Point prevalence
○ Period Prevalence

43
Q

Proportion of persons with a particular
disease or attribute on a particular
date.

A

Point Prevalence

44
Q

The proportion of persons with a particular
disease or attribute at any time during
the interval.

A

Period Prevalence

45
Q

“Do you currently have asthma?”

A

point of prevalence

46
Q

“Have you had asthma during the last (n) years?”

A

Period of prevalence

47
Q

Proportion/rate of a persons
who develop a condition
during a particular period

A

INCIDENCE

48
Q

New and pre-existing
cases (Numerator)

A

PREVALENCE

49
Q

Proportion of persons
who have condition
at/during particular
time period

A

PREVALENCE

50
Q

New cases only (Numerator)

A

INCIDENCE

BIOSTAT (25 decks)

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