Chap 13, Blood System, Pathology

Question 1

anemia

Answer 1

Deficiency in erythrocytes or hemoglobin. The most common type of anemia is iron deficiency anemia; it is caused by a lack of iron, which is required for hemoglobin production.

Question 2

Other types of anemia include:

Answer 2

aplastic anemia

hemolytic anemia

pernicious anemia

sickle cell anemia

thalassemia

Question 3

hemochromatosis

Answer 3

Excess iron deposits throughout the body.

Question 4

polycythemia vera

Answer 4

General increase in red blood cells (erythremia).

Question 5

hemophilia

Answer 5

Excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of blood clotting factors (factor VIII or IX) necessary for blood clotting.

Question 6

purpura

Answer 6

Multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin.

Question 7

leukemia

Answer 7

Increase in cancerous white blood cells (leukocytes).

Question 8

Four types of leukemia are:

Answer 8

Acute myelogenous (myelocytic) leukemia (AML)

Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)

Chronic myelogenous (myelocytic) leukemia (CML)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

Question 9

granulocytosis

Answer 9

Abnormal increase in granulocytes in the blood

Question 10

mononucleosis

Answer 10

Infectious disease marked by increased numbers of mononuclear leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymph nodes.

Question 11

multiple myeloma

Answer 11

Malignant neoplasm of bone marrow.

Question 12

aplastic anemia

Question 13

hemolytic anemia

Question 14

pernicious anemia

Answer 14

Lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin B

Question 15

sickle cell anemia

Question 16

thalassemia

Answer 16

Inherited defect in ability to produce hemoglobin, leading to hypochromia.

Question 17

Petechiae

Question 18

Ecchymoses

Question 19

Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura

Answer 19

is a condition in which a patient makes an antibody that destroys platelets – bleeding time is prolonged.

Question 20

Acute myelogenous (myelocytic) leukemia (AML)

Question 21

Autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT)

Answer 21

patient serves as his or her own donor for stem cells

Question 22

Eosinophilia

Answer 22

An increase in eosinophilic granulocytes, seen in certain allergic conditions, such as asthma, or in parasitic infections (tapeworm, pinworm).

Question 23

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).

Answer 23

Abnormal numbers of relatively mature lymphocytes predominate in the marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen. This most common form of leukemia usually occurs in the elderly and follows a slowly progressive course.

Question 24

Basophilia

Answer 24

An increase in basophilic granulocytes seen in certain types of leukemia.