Chap 15, Pathology, Bones

Question 1

Ewing sarcoma

Answer 1

Malignant bone tumor occurring in children. Rare malignant tumor arising in bone; most often occurring in children.

Question 2

exostosis

Answer 2

Bony growth arising from the surface of a bone.

Question 3

bunion

Answer 3

Abnormal swelling of the joint between the big toe and the bone of the foot. A swelling of the metatarsophalangeal joint near the base of the big toe and is accompanied by the buildup of soft tissue and underlying bone at the distal/medial aspect of the first metatarsal.

Question 4

fracture

Answer 4

Traumatic breaking of a bone.

Question 5

simple fracture (closed)

Answer 5

The bone is broken but there is no open would in the skin.

Question 6

compound fracture (open)

Answer 6

The bone is broken and a fragment of bone protrudes through an open wound in the skin.

Question 7

Colles fracture (wrist)

Answer 7

Near the wrist at distal end of the radius.

Question 8

comminuted fracture

Answer 8

Bone is splintered and crushed into several pieces.

Question 9

compression fracture

Answer 9

Bone collapses or is compressed; occurs in vertebrae.

Question 10

greenstick fracture

Answer 10

Bone is partially broken; breaks on one surface and bends on another; often occurring in forearm.

Question 11

Impacted fracture

Answer 11

One fragment is driven firmly into the other fragment; at the head of the femur or head of the humerus.

Question 12

osteogenic sarcoma (osteosarcoma)

Answer 12

Malignant (cancerous) tumor of bone tissue.

Question 13

osteomalacia

Answer 13

Softening of bones with inadequate amounts of mineral (calcium) in the bone.

Question 14

osteomyelitis

Answer 14

Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow secondary to infection.

Question 15

osteoporosis

Answer 15

Decrease in bone density (mass); thinning and weakening of bone. Bones become thin, weak, brittle, and break easily.

Question 16

Kyphosis

Answer 16

Abnormal condition of outward curvature (convexity) of the thoracic spine.

Question 17

lordosis

Answer 17

Forward curvature of the lumbar spinal column. In its extreme form it is known as “swayback.”

Question 18

scoliosis

Answer 18

Abnormal condition of lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine.

Question 19

talipes

Answer 19

Club foot; foot is fixed in an abnormal position due to a congenital deformity of the ankle and foot.