Chap 15, Pathology, Muscles Flashcards
myalgia
Pain of a muscle or muscle pain.
myopathy
Disease of muscles.
myositis
Inflammation of muscles.
rhabdomyoma
Benign tumor of striated, voluntary muscle (attached to bones).
rhabdomyosarsoma
Malignant tumor of striated, voluntary or skeletal muscle.
sarcopenia
Loss of muscle mass and strength associated with aging. Exercise and strength training can help preserve and enhance muscle mass at any age.
myasthenia gravis
Condition of muscle weakness caused by a failure in transmission of nervous impulses from a nerve to muscle cell.
atrophy
Decrease in size of a normally developed organ or tissue; wasting of tissue.
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig disease)
Muscles deteriorate (paralysis occurs) as a result of degeneration of nerves in the spinal cord and lower region of the brain.
polymyalgia
Pain of many muscles.
polymyalgia rheumatica
is a syndrome marked by aching and morning stiffness in the shoulder, hip, or neck for longer than 1 month.
muscular dystrophy
Group of inherited disorders/diseases characterized (marked) by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers without involvement of the nervous system.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
This is the most common form of muscular dystrophy. Muscles appear to enlarge (pseudohypertrophy) as fat replaces functional muscle cells that have degenerated and atrophied. Onset of muscle weakness occurs soon after birth, and diagnosis can be made by muscle biopsy and electromyography. The disease predominantly affects males; muscle weakness produces stumbling, falling, lordosis, winged (prominent) scapulae, and cardiac problems.
polymyositis
Chronic inflammatory myopathy.
This condition is marked by symmetrical muscle weakness and pain, often accompanied by a rash around the eyes and on the face and limbs. Evidence that polymyositis is an autoimmune disorder is growing stronger, and some patients recover completely with immunosuppressive therapy.
