Chap 14, Lymphatic and Immune Systems, Study Section

Question 1

allergen

Answer 1

Substance capable of causing a specific hypersensitivity reaction in the body; a type of antigen.

Question 2

anaphylaxis

Answer 2

Exaggerated or unusual hypersensitivity to foreign protein or other substance.

Question 3

atopy

Answer 3

Hypersensitive or allergic state involving an inherited predisposition.

Question 4

CD4+ cells

Answer 4

Helper T cells that carry the CD4 protein antigen on their surface. HIV binds to CD4 and infects and kills T cells bearing this protein. AIDS patients have an inadequate number of CD4+ cells.

Question 5

Hodgkin disease

Answer 5

Malignant tumor of lymphoid tissue in spleen and lymph nodes; Reed-Sternberg cell often is found on microscopic analysis.

Question 6

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Answer 6

Virus (retrovirus) that causes AIDS.

Question 7

Kaposi sarcoma

Answer 7

Malignant lesion associated with AIDS; arises from the lining of capillaries and appears as red, purple, brown, or black skin nodules.

Question 8

non-Hodgkin lymphomas

Answer 8

Group of malignant tumors involving lymphoid tissue. Examples are follicular lymphoma and large cell lymphoma.

Question 9

opportunistic infections

Answer 9

Infectious disease associated with AIDS; they occur because HIV infection lowers the body’s resistance and allows infection by bacteria and parasites that normally are easily contained.

Question 10

protease inhibitor

Answer 10

Drug that treats AIDS by blocking the production of protease, a proteolytic enzyme that helps create new viral pieces for HIV.

Question 11

reverse transcriptase inhibitor (RTI)

Answer 11

Drug that treats AIDS by blocking reverse transcriptase, an enzyme needed to make copies of HIV.

Question 12

wasting syndrome

Answer 12

Weight loss, decrease in muscular strength, appetite, and mental activity; associated with AIDS.