14: Pharmacodynamics Flashcards
Pharmacodynamics
-relationship between drug concentration and effect
-what the drug does to the body?
PK vs PD
-PK more dosing regimen
-PD more effects
importance of PK/PD
-relate patterns of response to drug admin
-rational basis for drug design, selection, regimen
-aid in the design of protocols to evaluate in vivo data
-individualizing drug admin
Exposure
-any dose or drug input to body or various measures if acute or integrated drug concentrations in plasma or other biological fluid
Desired responses
-clinical
-biomarker
-surrogate endpoint
Harmful responses
-mortalilty/hospital
-ADRs
-change in response from one time to the other
Effect
change in response over time
Drug-receptor interactions
-drug and receptor form complex
-this leads to response
Receptors
-mediate chanfe following binding
-mostly proteins but also DNA
-cell surface or inside cell
enzymes
non-cell surface
Drug action is mediated by
free drug concentrations
Effect formula
(effect*[drug])/(Kd + [drug])
-KD = k2/k1
Types of Responses
-graded
-quantal
Graded response
-continuous scale
-measured in single unit (person, animal,etc)
-relates dose to INTENTSITY of effect
Quantal response
-all or none
-measured in larger numbers of individual
-relates does to FREQUENCY of effect
-based on dose, what is the risk of side certain side effects
