Mutations

Question 1

What causes mutations?

Answer 1

mistakes that happen during DNA replication and mutagens

Question 2

Mutagen

Answer 2

physical or chemical factors that cause mutations (ex. x-rays and u-v lights)

Question 3

What are the types of mutations?

Answer 3

Point (base substitution) and frameshift

Question 4

Point mutation (base substitution)

Answer 4

exchanging one nucleotide for another

Question 5

Frameshift mutation

Answer 5

the deletion or insertion of one or more nucleotides to a DNA molecule

Question 6

When a point mutation occurs, but it still codes for the same amino acid, it is called…

Answer 6

a silent mutation

Question 7

After a point mutation, what happens?

Answer 7

one amino acid on the polypeptide chain is changed

Question 8

After a frameshift mutation, what happens?

Answer 8

all of the amino acids will change from the point of the deletion/insertion and onward.

Question 9

Which mutation could potentially create a still functioning protein?

Answer 9

point mutation

Question 10

Frameshift mutations drastically change…

Answer 10

the protein that is made

Question 11

When are mutations passed from parent to offspring?

Answer 11

only when they occur in reproductive or germ cells - sperm or egg