Other Mechanisms of Evolution

Question 1

What are the Mechanisms of evolution?

Answer 1

natural selection, genetic drift, mutations, gene flow, and sexual selection

Question 2

Genetic Drift

Answer 2

change in gene pool due to chance.

Question 3

Bottleneck Effect

Answer 3

Gene pool greatly decrease by natural disaster

(ex. frequencies of alleles change from a natural disaster like a flood)

Question 4

What are the results of the Bottleneck Effect?

Answer 4

certain alleles increase more than other and some alleles are eliminated all together

Question 5

Founder Effect

Answer 5

a few individuals colonize an island, lake or new habitat

Gene pool in this population is determined by the genes of the founders.

(ex. Galapagos Islands and Darwin’s 13 species of finches)

Question 6

Gene Flow

Answer 6

Exchange of genes with another population

(in turn it increases variety in the gene pool and changes it)

Question 7

Sexual Selection

Answer 7

natural selection arising through preference by one sex for certain characteristics in individuals of the other sex

(peacock feathers)

Question 8

Mutation (in terms of evolution)

Answer 8

Over the long term mutation plays a key role in evolution.

It is the original source of the genetic variation that is the raw material for natural selection.

Question 9

If and only if very few survive what genetic drift effect is this?

Answer 9

bottleneck effect