Cell Homeostasis/Transport

Question 1

Passive Transport

Answer 1

transport that requires no energy

Question 2

Simple Diffusion

Answer 2

molecules moving from high concentration to low concentration through the phospholipid bilayer

Question 3

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 3

molecules moving from high concentration to low concentration with the help of transport proteins/protein channels

Question 4

Osmosis

Answer 4

the diffusion of water across the cell membrane (bilayer and aquaporins)

Question 5

Aquaporins

Answer 5

water channel proteins

Question 6

Hypertonic

Answer 6

solute concentration is higher outside

Question 7

Hypotonic

Answer 7

solute concentration is lower outside

Question 8

Isotonic

Answer 8

solute concentration is equal on both sides

Question 9

What happens to the cell wall of plant cells when the solution is hypotonic?

Answer 9

they don’t change

Question 10

What happens to the cell membrane of plant cells when the solution is hypotonic?

Answer 10

swell; expand

Question 11

What happens to animal cells when the solution is hypotonic?

Answer 11

swell; expand
potentially lysed/cytolysis

Question 12

What happens to the cell wall of plant cells when the solution is hypertonic?

Answer 12

they don’t change

Question 13

What happens to the cell membrane of plant cells when the solution is hypertonic?

Answer 13

shrink

Question 14

What happens to animal cells when the solution is hypertonic?

Answer 14

shrink

Question 15

What is the net direction of water movement when the solution is hypotonic?

Answer 15

in

Question 16

What is the net direction of water movement when the solution is hypertonic?

Answer 16

out

Question 17

What is the net direction of water movement when the solution is isotonic?

Answer 17

in and out; no net direction

Question 18

Active Transport

Answer 18

transport that requires energy; from low concentration to high concentration; when materials move against the concentration gradient

Question 19

Exocytosis

Answer 19

a type of bulk transportation where materials leave through vesicles that fuse with the cell membrane

ex) waste and proteins

Question 20

Endocytosis

Answer 20

a type of bulk transportation where materials enter the cell through vesicles/vacuoles that are made up of the cell membrane

ex)

Question 21

Bulk Transport

Answer 21

exocytosis, endocytosis, requires energy

sometimes the materials that are entering and leaving are too large to go through the bilayer or channel proteins

Question 22

crenation

Answer 22

the shrinking and crumpling in of an animal cell when in a hypertonic environment

Question 23

plasmolysis

Answer 23

the shrinking of the cell membrane of a plant cell as it pulls away from the cell wall when in a hypertonic environment

Question 24

turgidity

Answer 24

the expansion of the cell membrane of a plant cell as it pushes against the cell wall when in a hypotonic environment

Question 25

cytolysis

Answer 25

the bursting action of an animal cell membrane when it expands too much in a hypotonic environment

Question 26

Can water go through the phospholipid bilayer?

Answer 26

Yes, albeit they go through it slowly so they use aquaporins

Question 27

Turgor Pressure

Answer 27

the force of the cell membrane pushing up against the cell wall after water enters through osmosis

Question 28

Protein Pumps

Answer 28

protein channels that are part of active transportation (low to high) with the usage of ATP to transport the molecules

Question 29

ATP

Answer 29

cellular energy

Question 30

Purpose of cell transport

Answer 30

maintain homeostasis

Question 31

Which process allows an amoeba to bring food inside to maintain cellular homeostasis?

Answer 31

phagocytosis/endocytosis

Question 32

What is the direction of movement that uses energy to maintain homeostasis?

Answer 32

movement from low to high concentration

Question 33

What does ATP stand for?

Answer 33

adenosine triphosphate