Biomechanics Flashcards
What factors affect how a bone responds to a force
Shape of bone
Material properties of a bone
Characteristics of the force
What is Wolff’s law?
Wolff’s Law is the idea that natural healthy bones will adapt and change to adapt to the stress that it is subjected to.
How does bone fatigue occur?
It’s a type of stress fracture due to an overload of force on a normal bone
What is a stress fracture
A small crack or break in an otherwise normal bone
What are the following things in locomotion?
Lever
Pivot
Effort
Load
Bone
Joint
Force exerted by muscle
Weight of skeleton
Why are the main muscle groups in proximal limb not distal limb?
Less weight in limb, so less effort required for movement
What is biomechanics
Applying mechanical laws to living things
What does a parallel formation of muscle fibres allow?
Greater range of motiom
What determines muscle power?
Cross section of muscle
More fibres joining tendon at an angle
Which muscle architecture creates the highest amount of force/
Penance muscles
How do bones know whether to form more or less bone
Bending creates current
Compression —> negative charge —> lays down bone
Tension —> positive charge —> removes bone
How is a fracture repaired
- Haematoma forms
- Hard callus forms
- Bone remodels
How does a plate and screw work in fracture healing
Screws —> apply friction between plate and bone
Plate —> internal splint that holds fractured parts in alignment, allows compression between fracture ends and load transfer
Position plate on tension side, to help counteract load compressing on opposite side
What forced fled the intramedullary rod prevent?
Bending
