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human physiology i > Efferent Nervous Sytem > Flashcards

Efferent Nervous Sytem Flashcards

1
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Messages to glands, smooth and cardiac muscle
-homeostasis
-extends from CNS
-two chain pathway

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2
Q

Glycogen break down is…

A

Sympathetic

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3
Q

CAMP

A

Cyclic adenosine mono phosphate

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4
Q

Ganglion

A

Meeting of a pre and post

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5
Q

Location of parasympathetic

A

Cranial sacral region

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6
Q

Preganglion of the parasympathetic

A

Long
-ganglion is further from CNS
-secretes: Ach at ganglion

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7
Q

Preganglionic parasympathetic is what type of receptor

A

Cholinergic
-nicotinic

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8
Q

nicotinic

A

always ganglion

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9
Q

Postganglion of parasympathetic

A

Shorter
-secretes Ach

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10
Q

Postganglion parasympathetic receptor

A

Cholinergic
-musarinic

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11
Q

Muscarinic

A

Has five subtypes

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12
Q

Location of sympathetic

A

Thoracic lumbar branch

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13
Q

Preganglion of sympathetic

A

Short
-paravetebral (adjacent to vertebral column)
-secretes Ach at ganglion

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14
Q

Preganglion sympathetic receptor

A

Cholingeric
-nicotinic

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15
Q

Postganglion sympathetic

A

Long
-forms junction on target

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16
Q

What does the post sympathetic secrete

A

-norepinephrine 20%
-epinephrine 80%
-dopamine ~1%

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17
Q

Receptors of post sympathetic

A

Adinergic

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18
Q

Alpha one

A

NE more likely than E
-found in most tissues
-Ca as second messenger system

19
Q

Example of alpha one

A

-salivary glands
-ejaculation and clitoral sitmulation
-urinary bladder

20
Q

Alpha 2

A

-Uses cAMP as second messenger
-inhibitory

21
Q

examples of alpha 2

A

-Relaxes smooth muscles and aids in digestion
-decreases insulin

22
Q

Beta one

A

NE is equal to E
-excitatory and uses cAMP

23
Q

Examples of beta 1

A

Heart rate increasing
-forced contractions

24
Q

Beta 2

A

E more likely than NE
-uses cAMP and is inhibitory

25
Q

Examples of beta 2

A

-respiratory
-smooth muscles of blood vessels
-flattening of lens (ciliary for far vision)

26
Q

Beta 3

A

NE more likely than E
-uses cAMP is excitatory

27
Q

Beta 3 examples

A

Brown fat/ adipose tissue

28
Q

Somatic nervous system sends messages to

A

Skeletal muscles
-unmyelinated

29
Q

Somatic descriptions

A

-one neuron no ganglion
-motor neuron
-neuromuscular junction
-motor end plate

30
Q

What is the somatic neuromuscular junction

A

-synaptic junction
-muscle meeting a neuron

31
Q

What is the motor end plate

A

-there are manny channels
-produces graded potentials (end plate potential)

32
Q

End plate potential

A

-creates action potential by Ach
-when the Ach is removed, AP ends

33
Q

Removal of Ach causes….

A

-end of AP
-creation of Acetylcholine-esterase

34
Q

Acetylcholine-esterase

A

Breaks down Ach into
-choline
Or
-acetic acid

-allows muscle to relax

35
Q

Choline is

A

Reused

36
Q

acetic acid is

A

Thrown out

37
Q

Black widow spider venom

A

Keeps releasing Ach and depolarizing junction
-muscle stays rigid
-rigid paralysis

38
Q

Botulinum toxin

A

Blocks release of Ach so that muscle never tightens
-flaccid paralysis

39
Q

Curare

A

Blocks action of Ach, as curare binds to receptor itself
-hunting method
-flaccid paralysis

40
Q

Organophosphates

A

Inactivates action of Ache
-rigid paralysis
-military and insecticides

41
Q

Myasthenia Travis

A

creates antibodies against Ach, destroying and limiting the effective muscular movements (muscular weakness)

-autoimmune, muscular weakness

42
Q

Symptoms of myasthenia gravis

A

Drooping eyelids, vision and chewing difficulties, trouble walking

43
Q

ALS

A

Mitochondria (reduced energy)
Accumulation of glutamate in spinal cord, so that patient is in pain ALOT

44
Q

Polio

A

Caused by a virus through food/water consumption
-grows in motor neuron, destroys cell body
-paralysis

human physiology i (10 decks)

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