Nutrition in Adolescence, Adulthood and the Elderly Flashcards
at what point in life is nutrient needed the most?
adolescence
why is the need for nutrients high in adolescence?
due to rapid growth
why is iron important for females?
due to loss in menstruation
what minerals are highly needed in adolescence?
calcium and zinc
do males or females develop greater lean body mass?
males
- females develop more adipose mass
Adipose tissue is an endocrine tissues and secretes hormones. t or f
t
adipose tissue expresses what enzyme?
aromatase, involved in the production of estrogen
Increased adiposity in young females is associated with what?
early onset of puberty
how does leptin (adipokine) contribute to the increased production of estrogen?
can stimulate the expression of the protein kisspeptin, which stimulate the release of GnRH, contributing to the increased production of estrogen
based on CCHS findings, males and females aged 9 to 18 did not have adequate intake of which vitamin?
vitamin A
based on CCHS findings, females 14 to 18 had low intake of which vitamins?
B6, folate, and B12
12% of adolescent females were not meeting the requirements of which mineral?
iron
70% of females aged 9 to 13 years and 30% of males aged 14 to 18 years were not meeting their requirements for which mineral?
calcium
15% of females aged 9 to 13 and 20% of females aged 14 to 18 were not meeting the requirements of which mineral?
zinc
Vegetarianism or Veganism may be adopted in which years of life?
teen years
Milk consumption tends to decrease during which period of life?
adolescence
smoking increases the need for nutrients such as what vitamin?
vitamin C, due to oxidative stress from tobacco use
how does alcohol consumption impact nutrient intake?
alters the absorption and metabolism of nutrients, it also replaces calories from nutritious foods
what is aging?
Aging is a process that occurs throughout life