Blood vessels Flashcards

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1
Q

where do each blood vessel carry blood

A

artery - away from heart
vein - towards heart
capillary - connects arteries and veins

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2
Q

what oxygenation does each blood vessel have

A

artery - oxygenated
vein - deoxygenated
capillary - both

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3
Q

list if each blood vessel has valves or not

A

artery - no
vein - yes
capillary - no

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4
Q

list the size of the space in each blood vessel

A

artery - small
vein - large
capillary - small

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5
Q

list the thickness of each blood vessel’s walls

A

artery - thick
vein - thin
capillary - very thin (only 1 cell thick)

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6
Q

list the pressure and speed of each blood vessel

A

artery - high pressure and speed
vein - low pressure and speed
capillary - low pressure and speed

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7
Q

list what doctors use each blood vessel for

A

artery - check pulse
vein - draw blood
capillary - all organs have these

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8
Q

list whether or not each blood vessel has elastic walls

A

arteries - yes
veins - no
capillaries - no

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9
Q

what is countercurrent heat exchange

A

blood from artery travels in the opposite direction to veins

if needing to cool, blood will flow in the surface vein
if needing to warm, blood will flow in the deep vein

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10
Q

what is vasodilation

A

blood vessels become wider/larger in order to increase the amount of heat that can be lost from skin and cool down your body

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11
Q

what is vasoconstriction

A

constricting blood vessels near the skin’s surface in order to reduce the amount of heat lost through skin and keep the body warm

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12
Q

what are the % and color for plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

A

plasma (yellow) - 55%
white blood cells and platelets (white) - 1%
red blood cells (red) - 44%

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13
Q

what are the functions of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

A

red blood cells - o2 transfer
white blood cells - immune response/ pathogen destruction
platelets - blood clotting

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14
Q

what are the other names for red blood cells and white blood cells

A

red - Erythrocytes
white - leucocytes

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15
Q

list whether or not red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets have a nucleus

A

red - no
white - yea
platelets - no

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16
Q

state where red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets originate from

A

red - red bone marrow
white - red bone marrow + thymus
platelets - red bone marrow + lungs

17
Q

state the lifespan of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

A

red - 120 days
white - few hours to a few days
platelets - 2 to 8 days

18
Q

what is hemoglobin and what’s it’s function

A

a pigment in red blood cells

picks up and binds O2 + releases O2 to cells that need it through diffusion + transports CO2 and other wastes

19
Q

what is anemia, what are the symptoms and what is the cure

A

a condition in which an individual has too few red blood cells or to little hemoglobin causing reduced O2 in the body

symptoms include looking pale and feeling tired

to cure this u must eat more iron

20
Q

what are the stages of blood clotting

A
  1. substances released by a broken blood vessel attract platelets to a site
  2. collecting platelets rupture and release chemicals that combine to produce an enzyme called thromboplastin
  3. with Ca ions present, thromboplastin reacts w prothrombin to produce thrombin
  4. thrombin is an enzyme that reacts w fibrinogen to produce fibrin