Blood vessels

Question 1

where do each blood vessel carry blood

Answer 1

artery - away from heart
vein - towards heart
capillary - connects arteries and veins

Question 2

what oxygenation does each blood vessel have

Answer 2

artery - oxygenated
vein - deoxygenated
capillary - both

Question 3

list if each blood vessel has valves or not

Answer 3

artery - no
vein - yes
capillary - no

Question 4

list the size of the space in each blood vessel

Answer 4

artery - small
vein - large
capillary - small

Question 5

list the thickness of each blood vessel’s walls

Answer 5

artery - thick
vein - thin
capillary - very thin (only 1 cell thick)

Question 6

list the pressure and speed of each blood vessel

Answer 6

artery - high pressure and speed
vein - low pressure and speed
capillary - low pressure and speed

Question 7

list what doctors use each blood vessel for

Answer 7

artery - check pulse
vein - draw blood
capillary - all organs have these

Question 8

list whether or not each blood vessel has elastic walls

Answer 8

arteries - yes
veins - no
capillaries - no

Question 9

what is countercurrent heat exchange

Answer 9

blood from artery travels in the opposite direction to veins

if needing to cool, blood will flow in the surface vein
if needing to warm, blood will flow in the deep vein

Question 10

what is vasodilation

Answer 10

blood vessels become wider/larger in order to increase the amount of heat that can be lost from skin and cool down your body

Question 11

what is vasoconstriction

Answer 11

constricting blood vessels near the skin’s surface in order to reduce the amount of heat lost through skin and keep the body warm

Question 12

what are the % and color for plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

Answer 12

plasma (yellow) - 55%
white blood cells and platelets (white) - 1%
red blood cells (red) - 44%

Question 13

what are the functions of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

Answer 13

red blood cells - o2 transfer
white blood cells - immune response/ pathogen destruction
platelets - blood clotting

Question 14

what are the other names for red blood cells and white blood cells

Answer 14

red - Erythrocytes
white - leucocytes

Question 15

list whether or not red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets have a nucleus

Answer 15

red - no
white - yea
platelets - no

Question 16

state where red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets originate from

Answer 16

red - red bone marrow
white - red bone marrow + thymus
platelets - red bone marrow + lungs

Question 17

state the lifespan of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

Answer 17

red - 120 days
white - few hours to a few days
platelets - 2 to 8 days

Question 18

what is hemoglobin and what’s it’s function

Answer 18

a pigment in red blood cells

picks up and binds O2 + releases O2 to cells that need it through diffusion + transports CO2 and other wastes

Question 19

what is anemia, what are the symptoms and what is the cure

Answer 19

a condition in which an individual has too few red blood cells or to little hemoglobin causing reduced O2 in the body

symptoms include looking pale and feeling tired

to cure this u must eat more iron

Question 20

what are the stages of blood clotting

Answer 20

1. substances released by a broken blood vessel attract platelets to a site
2. collecting platelets rupture and release chemicals that combine to produce an enzyme called thromboplastin
3. with Ca ions present, thromboplastin reacts w prothrombin to produce thrombin
4. thrombin is an enzyme that reacts w fibrinogen to produce fibrin