Chapter 3

Question 1

Define Taxonomy

Answer 1

The practice of classifying living things
Developed by Carolus Linnaeus

Question 2

What is the order of organism classification from largest to smallest

Answer 2

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Question 3

Define binomial nomenclature

Answer 3

First name of organism is genus, second name is species

Question 4

What are the rules of scientific naming

Answer 4

“Genus species”

Always italicized
Genus uppercase
Species lowercase

Question 5

What are the domains

Answer 5

Eukarya
Archaea
Bacteria

Question 6

What is the main difference between Eukarya and Archaea and Bacteria

Answer 6

Eukarya are eukaryotes so they have a nucleus

The other 2 are prokaryotic so they have no nucleus and DNA just floats around

Question 7

What’s the kingdom for bacteria what are its descriptions

Answer 7

Kingdom:

Bacteria

Descriptions:

Single celled
Lack a nucleus
Very diverse

Question 8

What are the kingdoms for Eukarya

Answer 8

Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia

Question 9

Give descriptions of Protista

Answer 9

Descriptions;

Have a nucleus
Can be unicellular & multicellular
Autotrophs, heterotrophs, and decomposers

Question 10

Give descriptions of Fungi

Answer 10

Description:

Have a nucleus
All Decomposers
Eat by releasing digestive enzymes onto food and absorb it
Sessile (does not move)
no chloroplast,
Uni and multicellular

Question 11

Give descriptions of Plantae

Answer 11

Descriptions:

Have a nucleus
All Autotrophs
Most are sessile
Have specialized cells

Question 12

Give descriptions of Animalia

Answer 12

Descriptions:

Have a nucleus
Ingest food
Most are motile
Multicellular
Have specialized cells

Question 13

Define abiotic and give an example

Answer 13

Non living aspects of the biosphere

Ex. Soil

Question 14

Define biotic and give an example

Answer 14

Living aspects of the biosphere

Ex. Animals

Question 15

Define organism and give an example

Answer 15

A living thing

Ex. Bacteria

Question 16

Define population and give an example

Answer 16

All the organisms of the same group or species that live in a specific area at the same time

Ex. A school of fish

Question 17

Define community and give an example

Answer 17

An interacting group of various species in a common location

Ex. A forest of trees and plants inhabited by animals with soil containing bacteria and fungi

Question 18

Define ecosystem and give an example

Answer 18

A geographic area where plants, animals, and other organisms, as well as landscape and weather, work together to form a bubble of life

Ex. Coral reef

Question 19

Define biome and give an example

Answer 19

A specific ecosystem or group of ecosystems in a specific region which is determined by the climate

Ex. Grasslands

Question 20

Define biosphere and give an example

Answer 20

The regions where living matter can exist.

Ex. The earth and all the things living in jt

Question 21

Define climate

Answer 21

The average weather conditions of a particular region over a period of time. (Usually more than 30 years)

Question 22

What determines climate

Answer 22

Temperature and Precipitation which results from the unequal heating of the earth

Question 23

Explain how the suns energy impact the equator vs the poles

Answer 23

Equator receives rays that are perpendicular to the surface so it gets heated more.

Closer to the poles, the angle of the earth causes the solar energy to spread over a surface, causing it to get heated less.

Question 24

An increase in temperature and precipitous results in what

Answer 24

Increase in abundance of organisms

Question 25

List 6 biomes

Answer 25

Rain forest, taiga, temperate deciduous forest, grasslands, desert, tundra

Question 26

Define the term invasive species

Answer 26

Non-native flora and fauna that can quickly overrun an ecosystem

Question 27

Define a biotic limiting factor and give an example

Answer 27

Living population constraints Ex. Food

Question 28

Why we measure populations using quadrats

Answer 28

Efficiency

Question 29

Define niche

Answer 29

The role an organism plays in its community

Question 30

Define limiting factor and give an example

Answer 30

Anything that constrains a population’s size and slows it stops it from growing Ex. Mates

Question 31

Define abiotic limiting factor and give an example

Answer 31

Non-living population constrains Ex. Climate

Question 32

Define competitive biotic limiting factors and give an example

Answer 32

Competition for food, space, or mates Kangaroo males box for mates

Question 33

Define predator biotic limiting factor and give an example

Answer 33

A biotic interaction that involves the consumption of one organism by another Ex. Jack rabbit and Coyote

Question 34

Describe how humans have transported foreign organisms from one area to another

Answer 34

When global trade began many organisms would be transported from one continent to another

Question 35

Define keystone species and give an example

Answer 35

Not abundant species but exert major control over other species in the community Ex. Sea Otters

Question 36

Define parasite biotic limiting factor and give an example

Answer 36

Interaction where one organism derives it’s nourishment from another organism Ex. Head Lice

Question 37

What’s the kingdom for archea what are its descriptions

Answer 37

Single celled organisms No nucleus Can live in extreme environments like salt lakes, hot springs, and hot vents