Urbanisation Flashcards
Urbanisation definition
growth in the proportion of a country’s population living in urban areas
Percentage of people living in urban areaas
50
Where did urbanisation happed earlier
HIC during the industrial revolution
Why do HIC have slow rates of urban growth
many people desire better quality of life away from crowed cities, as good transport mean that they can travel into cities for work
Where is the fastest urbanisation rate
LIC as most of the population live in urban areas
Why are NEE experiac ning rapid urban growth
as more people are moving from rural to urban areas
Rural-urban migration definition
movement of people from countryside to cities
What affects rural-urban migration
push and pull factors
Push factors of rural-urban migration
natural disasters, mechanisation of agricultural equipment - less jobs, desertification - no longer support themselves, conflict
Pull factors for rural-urban migration
more jobs, more pay, better health care, better education, join family members, better quality of life sometimes
What affects increasing urbanisation
rural-urban migration, natural increase (birth higher than death), young people starting families, better healthcare - longer lives
Social opportunites in urban growth
better access to healthcare/education, better resources = water/electricity
Economic opportunities in urban growth
growth in urban industrial areas, more jobs and better wages, manufactured goods make a higher profit - international market
Social and economic challenges in urban growth
slums are built around cities = badly built, overcrowded, no access to services, unclean conditions, little pay in jobs, high levels of unemployment/crime
Environmental challenges in urban growth
if there is high growth sewage, disposal, environmental services cannot keep up - rubbish heaps, air pollution, sewage, congestion of roads more greenhouse gases
