Water

Question 1

What affects the availability of water

Answer 1

physical (climate - evaporation, rainfall. geology - permeable rocks into groundwater supply), economic and social (over-abstraction, water pollution, poverty, population growth)

Question 2

What does water insecurity lead to

Answer 2

pollution, disease, less food production, less industrial output, conflict

Question 3

How can water supply be increased

Answer 3

water transfer (surplus to deficient through canals and pipes), dams and reservoirs (can control the water supply when there is a surplus or deficient)

Question 4

Desalination

Answer 4

converts sea water to drinkable water through evaporation/condensing or through a membrane

Question 5

Desalination advantages and disadvantages

Answer 5

AD - supplies drinking water, efficient technology, DIS - high energy costs, fossil fuels

Question 6

Sustainable water supplies

Answer 6

water conservation (using less water - water efficient equipment, water meters), groundwater management (not taking more then is replaced, less chemicals used), recycling water (grey water can be reused immediately without being treated)

Question 7

Why is water demand rising

Answer 7

rising population (more people = more drinking, washing, cooking, more food to be grown), economic development (industrialisation = as countries become more developed they produce more good and manufacturing uses a lot of water, energy production, rising living standard = as countries develop peoples wealth increases so can afford a high standard - washing machines, dishwashers, showers