1.5

Question 1

Ghrelin

Answer 1

• GRRR 😡
• STIMULATES APPETITE
• Hormone produced primarily by the stomach and small intestine that stimulates appetite and
  promotes hunger. Ghrelin levels increase when the stomach is empty, and decrease after meals

Question 2

Leptin

Answer 2

• high levels -> Leptin resistance
• SUPPRESS APPETITE
• Hormone produced primarily by fat cells that regulates energy balance and appetite. It acts on the hypothalamus in the brain to suppress appetite and increase energy expenditure

Question 3

Melatonin

Answer 3

• SLEEP- WAKE CYCLE
• hormones regulate deep- wake cycle & circadian rhythms in the body

Question 4

Oxytocin

Answer 4

• increases the more time you spend with someone
• LOVE HORMONE ❤️ / BONDING HORMONE
• hormone & neurotransmitter that plays a key role in social bonding

Question 5

Adrenaline

Answer 5

• NATUAL PAIN RELIEF & MOOD ENHANCER
• released in response to stress, pain, intense physicals activity (excursive, excitement)
• fight or flight aid

Question 6

Norepinephrine

Answer 6

• FIGHT OR FLIGHT RESPONSE
• hormone & neurotransmitter
• regulates arousal, attention, & stress
• contracts blood vessels to increase blood flow

Question 7

Excitatory neurotransmitters

Answer 7

• increase the likelihood of an action potential
• pick me
• postsynaptic neuron

Question 8

Inhibitory neurotransmitter

Answer 8

Decreases the likelihood of an action potential
- postsynaptic neuron

Question 9

Glutamate

Answer 9

-Memory
- chemical messenger
- major excitatory
- thinking, long- term memory, learning
• surplus: excessive excitation, potential seizures
• deficit: impaired learning & memory, cognitive deficits
•disorders: epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia

Question 10

Gaba

Answer 10

-calming
- calms cns
- contributes to motor control & vision
- Increases sleepiness & decreases anxiety, alertness, & muscle tension
• surplus: excessive inhibition, sedation, reduced anxiety
• deficit: anxiety, insomnia, seizures
•disorders: anxiety disorders, insomnia, epilepsy

Question 11

Dopamine

Answer 11

-“reward” & motivation keeps you coming back
- associated w addiction bc ppl will repeat behaviors for a reward
•surplus: increased pleasure, motivation, risk- taking behavior
• deficit: reduced motivation, depression, motor impairment
• disorders: Parkinson’s disease, depression, addiction

Question 12

Serotonin

Answer 12

-“mood”
- feelings of well-being and happiness
- regulates the sleep cycle along with melatonin & regulates intestinal movements
- major part of many popular drug treatments for depression and anxiety
• surplus: improved mood, decreased appetite, better sleep
• deficit: mood disorders, anxiety, appetite disturbances
• disorders: depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders

Question 13

Serotonin

Answer 13

-“mood”
- feelings of well-being and happiness
- regulates the sleep cycle along with melatonin & regulates intestinal movements
- major part of many popular drug treatments for depression and anxiety
• surplus: improved mood, decreased appetite, better sleep
• deficit: mood disorders, anxiety, appetite disturbances
• disorders: depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders

Question 14

Endorphins

Answer 14

• “euphoria”
• runners High
• relieve pain and stress
• “brains natural aspirin”
  •surplus: pain relief, euphoria
  • deficit: increased pain sensitivity, dysphoria
  • diseases: chronic pain conditions, depression

Question 15

Acetylcholine

Answer 15

• “movement and memory”
• principle neurotransmitter involved in thought, learning, & memory
• activating muscle action
  • surplus: enhanced memory and attention
  • deficit: memory deficits, cognitive decline
  • diseases: Alzheimer’s disease, myasthenia gravis

Question 16

Substance P

Answer 16

• sends pain signals