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PCOL > Drugs for Coagulative Disorders (Part 01) > Flashcards

Drugs for Coagulative Disorders (Part 01) Flashcards

1
Q

A complex process involving multiple steps and many clotting factors. It is also the balance between clot formation and clot breakdown.

A

Hemostasis

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2
Q

Events in Hemostasis

A
  1. Vascular Phase
  2. Platelet Phase
  3. Coagulation Phase
  4. Clot Formation
  5. Fibrinolysis
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3
Q

Cutting or damaging blood vessels leads to vascular spasm that produces vasoconstriction which will slow or even stop blood flow.

A

Vascular Phase

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4
Q

In larger blood vessels, platelets begin to stick to the surfaces of endothelial cells.

A

Platelet Phase

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5
Q

The overall process involves the formation of the insoluble protein Fibrin from the plasma protein Fibrinogen through the action of the enzyme Thrombin.

A

Coagulation Phase

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6
Q

It forms network of fibers which traps blood cells and platelets forming thrombus or clot.

A

Fibrin

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7
Q

Two (2) Pathways leading to the Formation of the Thrombus

A
  1. Extrinsic Pathway
  2. Intrinsic Pathway
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8
Q

It inhibits the action of the VIIA-TF complex.

A

Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor (TFPI)

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9
Q

It is important in initiating the cascade.

A

Tissue Factor (TF)

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10
Q

Factor I
Factor II
Factor III
Factor IV
Factor V

A
  • Fibrinogen
  • Prothrombin
  • Tissue Factor, Thromboplastin
  • Calcium
  • Proaccelerin, Labile Factor
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11
Q

It is also known as Proconvertin, Stable Factor

A

Factor VII

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12
Q

It is also known as Antihemophilic Factor

A

Factor VIII

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13
Q

It is also known as Christmas Factor

A

Factor IX

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14
Q

It is also known as Stuart-Power Factor

A

Factor X

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15
Q

Initiated with material outside the blood.

A

Extrinsic Pathway

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16
Q

Initiated by the blood coming in contact with exposed collagen in the blood vessel wall.

A

Intrinsic Pathway

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17
Q

Factor III and Factor VIIA

(Extrinsic Pathway or Intrinsic Pathway)

A

Extrinsic Pathway

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18
Q

Factors VIIIA, Factor IXA, Factor XIA, Calcium, and Phospholipid

(Extrinsic Pathway or Intrinsic Pathway)

A

Intrinsic Pathway

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19
Q

Prothrombinase Complex

A

Factor VA, Factor X, Calcium, and Phospholipid

20
Q

After 2 or 3 days, the clot begins to contract. Platelets in the clot contain contractile proteins. These proteins pulls the edges of the wound together and reduces the chance of further hemorrhage. This activity also assists the repair processes.

A

Clot Retraction

21
Q

The dissolution of the clot. This step complete the hemostasis.

A

Fibrinolysis

22
Q

The breakdown of the clot is due to the production of powerful proteolytic enzyme __________.

A

Plasmin

23
Q

(T/F): Once the stationary clot forms (thrombus), it often grows smaller as more fibrin is added.

A

F / Smaller / LARGER

24
Q

A travelling clot is also known as __________.

A

Embolus

25
Q

A condition in which blood can form clots too easily. Blood clots can be very serious and need to be treated quickly.

A

Thrombophilia

26
Q

Four (4) Types of Thrombophilia

A
  1. Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome (APLS)
  2. Factor V Leiden
  3. Prothrombin Gene Mutation
  4. Protein C, D, and ATII Deficiency
27
Q

An autoimmune disease in which the body produces antibodies against certain blood proteins.

A

Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome (APLS)

28
Q

Abnormal coagulant protein that does not deactivate when it should. It is the most common inherited thrombophilia.

A

Factor V Leiden

29
Q

The body produces too much prothrombin, the coagulant protein that is also called Factor II.

A

Prothrombin Gene Mutation

30
Q

People with these inherited deficiency disorders do not produce enough of these proteins.

A

Protein C, D, and ATII Deficiency

31
Q

Health Problems associated to Thrombophilia

A
  1. Deep Vein Thrombosis
  2. Pulmonary Embolism
  3. Arterial Thrombosis
32
Q

It forms within deep veins, usually in the legs or pelvis but sometimes in the arms. Symptoms can include swelling or pain in the legs.

A

Deep Vein Thrombosis

33
Q

A DVT that breaks off and travels to the lungs. A clot that becomes lodged in the lung artery can cause lung damage, organ damage or death.

A

Pulmonary Embolism

34
Q

A blood clot that forms in an artery. Arterial clots that break apart can damage any of several different organs.

A

Arterial Thrombosis

35
Q

A consequence of the deficiency in plasma coagulation factors. A rare disorder in which your blood doesn’t clot normally because it lacks sufficient blood-clotting proteins (clotting factors).

A

Hemophilia

36
Q

Factor VIII (Classic Hemophilia) Deficiency

A

Hemophilia A

37
Q

Factor IX (Christmas Disease) Deficiency

A

Hemophilia B

38
Q

It binds factor VIII, the key clotting protein, and platelets in blood vessel walls, which help forms platelet plug during the clotting process.

A

Von Willebrand Disease

39
Q

Deficiency of VWF

A

Type I VWD

40
Q

Produce VW Factor but does not function the way it should.

A

Type II VWD

41
Q

Total Absence of VWF

A

Type III VWD

42
Q

It results after the diagnosis of an autoimmune disease, such as lupus, or from heart disease or some types of cancer. It can also occur after taking certain medications.

A

Acquired VWD

43
Q

The measurement of the intrinsic power of the blood to convert fibrinogen to fibrin.

A

Coagulation Time Test

44
Q

It measures how quickly your blood clots. Also known as Pro Time Test or PT Test, INR. INR of 1.1 or below is considered normal. An INR range of 2.0 to 3.0 is generally an effective therapeutic range for people taking warfarin.

A

Prothrombin Time Test

45
Q

It helps to evaluate the person’s ability to appropriately form blood clots. It measures the number of seconds it takes for the clot to form in the sample of blood after substances (reagents) are added. (A normal range is around 21 to 35 seconds).

A

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time

PCOL (21 decks)

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