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PCOL > Drugs for Dyslipidemia (Part 02) > Flashcards

Drugs for Dyslipidemia (Part 02) Flashcards

1
Q

Example of Drug/s that can cause Mild to Moderate Degrees of Dyslipidemia

A
  1. Beta Blockers
  2. Thiazide Diuretics
  3. Antiretroviral Drugs
  4. Hormonal Agents
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2
Q

Pharmacologic Intervention of Dyslipidemia

A
  1. HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
  2. Bile Acid Sequestrants
  3. Nicotinic Acid
  4. Fibric Acid Derivatives
    5.A. Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors
    5.B. Lipid-Regulating Agent
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3
Q

Drug/s under HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors

A

• Statins
– Rosuvastatin (Crestor)
– Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
– Simvastatin (Zocor)
– Lovastatin (Mevacor)
– Pravastatin (Pravachol)
– Fluvastatin (Lescol)

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4
Q

Act by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, the enzyme controlling the first committed step of cholesterol synthesis in the liver.

A

Statins

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5
Q

Most potent cholesterol and LDL lowering drug.

A

Statins

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6
Q

Usually administered in the evening because most hepatic cholesterol production occurs during the night.

A

Statins

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7
Q

__________ (14 hours) and __________ (19 hours) may be given any time of the day because of its longer half-life.

A

Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin

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8
Q

A/E of Statins

A
  1. Hepatotoxicity
  2. Myositis and Rhabdomyolysis
  3. GI Symptoms
  4. Teratogenic
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9
Q

(T/F): If Statins combined with Gemfibrozil—increases the risk of Rhabdomyolysis.

A

T

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10
Q

__________ and __________ may prolong bleeding time with Warfarin.

A

Lovastatin and Rosuvastatin

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11
Q

Drug/s under Bile Acid Sequestrants

A

• Resins
– Cholestyramine
– Colestipol (Colestid)
– Colesevelam (WelChol)

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12
Q

They bind bile acids in the intestine through anion exchange; this reduces the enterohepatic recirculation of bile acids, which releases feedback regulation on conversion of cholesterol of bile acids in the liver.

A

Resins

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13
Q

Only useful for isolated increase in LDL.

A

Resins

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14
Q

Powder Old Resins

A

• Cholestyramine
• Colestipol

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15
Q

A/E of Resins

A
  1. Constipation
  2. Bloating
  3. Epigastric Fullness
  4. Nausea
  5. Flatulence
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16
Q

Drug/s under Nicotinic Acid / Vitamin B3

A

Niacin

17
Q

Inhibit the mobilization of free fatty acids from peripheral adipose tissue to the liver which reduces synthesis and secretion of VLDL particles by the liver.

A

Niacin

18
Q

The strongest in increasing HDL and useful in Hypertriglyceredemia.

A

Niacin

19
Q

(T/F): Niacin functions after conversion to Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) in the NAD Co-Enzyme System.

A

T

20
Q

It is extended release formula better than other forms due to less side effects.

A

Niaspan

21
Q

A/E of Niacin

A
  1. Flushing and Headache
  2. Increasing Blood Glucose
  3. Hyperuricemia
  4. Hepatotoxicity
22
Q

Drug/s under Fibric Acid Derivatives

A

• Fibrates
– Gemfibrozil (Lopid)
– Fenofibrate (Tricor)

23
Q

Increases activity of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Alpha, this increases synthesis of lipoprotein lipase, therefore, increasing clearance of triglycerides.

A

Fibrates

24
Q

Stimulate supply fatty acid oxydation, which limits the supply of triglycerides and decreases VLDL synthesis.

A

Liver

25
Q

Agent of Choice in Hypertriglyceridemia

A

Fibrates

26
Q

Drug/s under Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor

A

Ezetimibe (Zetia)

27
Q

A prodrug that is converted in the liver to the active glucuronide form. Monotherapy or in combination with statin. Not recommended with fibrates. Reduces LDL number. It is also used in phytosterolemia—this is rare genetic disorder that results from impaired export of phytosterols.

A

Ezetimibe (Zetia)

28
Q

A/E of Ezetimibe (Zetia)

A
  1. Diarrhea
  2. Cough and Fatigue
29
Q

Drug/s under Lipid Regulating Agent

A

Omega 3

30
Q

Decreases hepatic production of TG and VLDL.

A

Omega 3

31
Q

Omega 3 Fatty Acids

A

• Alpha-Linolenic Acid (ALA)
• Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)
• Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA)

32
Q

Drug/s under Investigation

A

Newer Agents

33
Q

Drug/s of Newer Agents

A

• Cholesteryl Ester Transferring Protein
– Torcetrapib
– Anacetrapib

34
Q

A unique, patented blend of plant sterols and stanols that is extracted from coniferous (pine) trees.

A

Reducol®

35
Q

Blocks the absorption of cholesterol in the gut without being absorbed into the body.

A

Reducol®

PCOL (21 decks)

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