The Face Flashcards

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1
Q

Facial expressions

A

A form of non verbal communication
Convey the emotional state of the individual to the observer
Primary means the conveying social information among humans
The muscles of the face are responsible for these expressions

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2
Q

What do the muscles of facial expression do

A
  • Control the size of the facial orifices (eyes, nose, mouth)
  • Originate from the facial skeleton and insert into the skin.
  • Inebriated by facial nerve (CN VII)
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3
Q

Facial skeleton

A
  • Mandible x 1
  • Maxilla x2
  • Palatine x2
  • Vomer x1
  • Inferior nasal conchae x2
  • Nasal x2
  • Lacrimal x2
  • Zygomatic x2
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4
Q

What are the groups of muscles for facial expression

A

Scalp
Eyes
Nose
Mouth
Cheeks
Neck

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5
Q

Scalp muscle for facial expression

A

Occipitofrontalis
Moves scalp, eyebrows and wrinkles for head

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6
Q

Eyes for muscles of facial expression

A

Orbicularis oculi
Closes eye

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7
Q

Nose muscle of facial expression

A

Nasalis
Dilates and compresses the nostrils

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8
Q

Mouth- sphincter muscle

A

Orbicularis oris
Acts as a sphincter to close mouth

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9
Q

Elevator muscles- mouth

A

-zygomaticus major
Zygomaticus minor
Levator anguli oris
Levator labii superioris

Insert into the lips from above and therefore draw the lips upwards

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10
Q

Depressor muscles- mouth

A

Insert into the lower lip and therefore draw the lips downwards

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11
Q

Risorius muscle- mouth

A

Pulls the mouth out at the sides

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12
Q

Cheek muscle for facial expression

A

Required for blowing, sucking, and moving the bolts during chewing

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13
Q

Neck muscle for facial expression

A

Platysma

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14
Q

Blood supply to the face

A

Mainly supplied by branches of the external carotid artery
The veins drain into the internal jugular vein

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15
Q

Sensory innervation of face

A

Ophthalmic division
Maxillary
Mandibular

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16
Q

Motor innervatio of the face

A

Cranial nerve VIII
Facial nerve

17
Q

Facial nerve

A
  • Emerges from the brain at the pons medullary junction.
  • Passes through the internal auditory meatus to enter the pétroles portion of the temporal bone.
  • Main trunk exits the skull through the stylomastoid foramen.
  • General sensory fibres carry information from some regions of external ear.
  • Motor to occipitalis, posterior belly of digrastoc and stylohyoid muscles.
  • Terminal branches arise in the parotid salivary gland- muscles of facial expression.
18
Q

What 3 nerves arise within the facial canal

A
  • Greater petrosal nerve, nerve to stampede us, chords tympani nerve all arise within the facial canal.
19
Q

Greater petrosal

A

Parasympathetic to lacrimal, nasal and mino salivary glands

20
Q

Nerve to stapedius

A

Motor to stapedius muscle

21
Q

Chorda tympani

A

Parasympathetic to submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
Taste sensation from anterior 2/3 of tongue

22
Q

Motor branches of facial nerve

A
  • Temporal
  • Zygomatic
  • Buccal
  • Marginal mandibular
  • Cervical
  • Posterior auricular
23
Q

Bell’s palsy

A
  • Paralysis of the facial nerve of unknown cause (idiopathic)
  • May be due to a virus.
  • Symptoms appear rapidly
  • May recover spontaneously.
  • Symptoms are dependant on location of the lesion
24
Q

Symptoms of Bell’s palsy

A
  • Unilateral weakness
  • Loss or excessive tearing
  • Taste impairment
  • Hypercusis
  • Reduced salivary secretion (dry mouth)
  • Reduced secretion from the nasal glands