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Medical Terminology > 17. Sense Organs > Flashcards

17. Sense Organs Flashcards

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1
Q

Outer flap of the ear; protruding part of external ear; auricle

A

Pinna 

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2
Q

Cornea (corne/o, kerat/o)

A

Fibrous layer of clear tissue that extends over anterior portion of the eye; continuous with white of the eye; refracts light to focus it

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3
Q

Hyperopia 

A

Condition of seeing distant objects clearer than close ones; farsightedness

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4
Q

Conjunctivitis 

A

Eye inflammation commonly called “pinkeye”

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5
Q

Anterior chamber

A

Area behind cornea and in front of lens and iris; contains aqueous humor

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6
Q

Presbycusis (presby/o = old age, -cusis = hearing)

A

Hearing impairment due to old age

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7
Q

Cochlea (cochle/o)

A

Snail-shaped, spirally wound tube in the inner ear; contains hearing sensitive receptor cells

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8
Q

Intraocular

A

Pertaining to within the eye

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8
Q

ir/o, irid/o

A

Iris (combining form)

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9
Q

Cataract 

A

Clouding of the lens, causing decreased vision

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10
Q

Eustachian tube 

A

Channel between the middle ear and the nasopharynx

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11
Q

Otomycosis

A

Fungal ear condition

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12
Q

Macular degeneration

A

Progressive damage to the macula of the retina causing loss of central vision

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13
Q

Aqueous humor 

A

Fluid produced by ciliary body; found in the anterior chamber of the eye

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14
Q

Blepharoptosis

A

Sagging or drooping of the eyelid; optosis

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15
Q

Fovea centralis 

A

Tiny pit or depression in the retina that is the region of the clearest vision

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16
Q

Choroid (choroid/o)

A

Middle vascular layer of the eye; supplies the cornea with nourishment

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17
Q

acous/o, audi/o, audit/o, -cusis

A

Hearing

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18
Q

Lens (phac/o, phak/o)

A

Transparent biconvex body behind the pupil; bends light to focus on retina

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19
Q

Accommodation 

A

Normal adjustment of the eye to focus on objects from far to near

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20
Q

aur/o, auricul/o, ot/o

A

Ear

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21
Q

Myopia

A

Condition of seeing close objects clearer than distant ones; nearsightedness

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22
Q

cor/o, pupill/o

A

Pupil

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23
Q

Semicircular canals 

A

Passages in the inner ear associated with maintenance of equilibrium

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24
Vitreous chamber
Posterior cavity of eye
25
Iritis
Inflammation of the pigmented layer of the eye
26
Ossicles (ossicul/o)
Small bones; malleus, incus, stapes
27
Rod
Photoreceptor cell of retina essential for vision in dim light and for peripheral vision
28
Perilymph
Fluid contained in the labyrinth of the inner ear
29
dacry/o, lacrim/o 
Tear, tear duct
30
Auditory canal 
Channel that carries sound from the pinna to the eardrum
31
Iris (ir/o, irid/o)
Pigmented layer; muscles here dilate and constrict to allow more or less light into the eye
32
Auricle 
Flap of the ear; pinna
33
Tympanic membrane (myring/o, tympan/o)
Vibrating membrane between the outer and middle ear; eardrum
34
Lacrimal (lacrim/o = tears, -al = pertaining to)
Pertaining to tears
35
ocul/o, ophthalm/o, opt/o, optic/o
Eye
36
Optic disc
Region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina; blind spot which contains only nerve fibres (no receptor cells)
37
Dacryoadenitis
Inflammation of the tear glands
38
Oval window 
Delicate membrane between the middle and inner ear; transmits vibrations to inner ear
39
Esotropia 
Inward deviation of the eye; “cross-eyed”
40
Acoustic neuroma
Benign tumor arising from 8th cranial nerve (acoustic nerve), causes tinnitus, vertigo, dizziness, and decreased hearing
41
Pupil (cor/o, pupill/o)
Central opening of eye, surrounded by iris, through which light rays pass, appears dark 
42
Hemianopsia (hemi- = half, an- = without, -opsia = vision)
Absence of vision in half of the visual field; can be caused by stroke       
43
Conjunctiva (conjunctiv/o)
Delicate membrane lining the eyelids and covering the eyeball up to the cornea
44
Biconvex
Having two rounded surfaces; flattened sphere, like the lens of the eye
45
Presbyopia (presby/o = old age, -opia = vision
Vision impairment due to old age
46
Acoustic (acous/o = hearing, -ic = pertaining to)
Pertaining to sound
47
Glaucoma 
Increased intraocular pressure leading to retinal and optic nerve damage and vision loss
48
Tinnitus
Sensations of noises in the ears without an external source
49
Scotoma (scot- = dark, -oma = mass)
Area of decreased vision surrounded by an area of normal vision; can result from damage to retina or optic nerve; a blind spot caused by damage
50
Aphakia (a- = without, -phak/o = lens of eye)
Absence of the lens of the eye due to congenital or surgical causes
51
corne/o, kerat/o 
Cornea
52
Tympanoplasty
Surgical repair of the eardrum
53
Retina (retin/o)
The layer of the eye that contains sensitive cells (rods and cones) that transmit light energy to nervous impulses
54
Stapes
Third ossicle (tiny middle ear bone); stirrup-shaped
55
Cone
Photosensitive receptor cell of the retina; makes the perception of color possible
56
Diplopia
Double vision due to strabismus (deviation (misalignment) of eye)
57
Optic chiasm 
Place where optic nerve fibres cross the brain
58
Cataract 
Clouding of the lens
59
scot/o
Dark
60
Vitreous humor
Soft, jelly-like material behind the lens in posterior chamber; retains eye shape
61
Conjunctivitis 
Eye inflammation commonly called "pinkeye"
62
scler/o
Sclera
63
-oma
Tumor; mass; fluid collection (suffix)
64
Astigmatism   
Defective curvature of cornea or lens leading to distorted images
65
hemi-, semi-
Half
66
Chalazion 
Small hard mass on the eyelid due to sebaceous gland enlargement
67
Xerophthalmia
Condition of excessive dryness of eye
68
Ciliary body 
Contains muscles that control the shape of the lens and secretes aqueous humor
69
Myringotomy
Incision of the eardrum
70
Optic nerve
Cranial nerve carrying impulses from the retina to the brain
71
Vestibule (vestibul/o)
Central cavity of the labyrinth, connecting semicircular canals and cochlea
72
Semicircular canal 
One of the passages in the inner ear associated with maintenance of equilibrium
73
Cerumen   
Ear wax in auditory canal
74
Thalamus 
Main relay centre of the brain; optic fibers pass here on their way to the cerebral cortex
75
ichthy/o, xer/o
Dry
76
Eustachian tube  (salping/o)
Channel between the middle ear and the nasopharynx
77
Stapedectomy
Removal of the third bone in the middle ear
78
blephar/o, palpebr/o
Eyelid
79
Macula
Yellowish region on the retina lateral to and slightly below the optic disc
80
Labyrinthitis 
Inflammation of the maze-like canals in the inner ear
81
Ophthalmologist 
Doctor specializing in eye diseases
82
Malleus
First ossicle (tiny middle ear bone); hammer-shaped
83
Vertigo
Dizziness; sensations of whirling motion
84
Blepharitis
Inflammation of the eyelid
85
Sclera (scler/o)
Tough, white fibrous outer coat of the eyeball
86
Anisocoria
Unequal pupil size, indicates neurologic injury or disease
87
presby/o
Old age
88
Labyrinth
Maze-like series of canals of the inner ear; contains cochlea, vestibule and semicircular canals
89
Auditory nerve fibers
Carry impulses from the inner ear to the brain (cerebral cortex)
90
-opia, -opsia
Vision
91
Cochlear implant
Surgically implanted device that allows sensorineural hearing impaired persons to understand speech
92
Otopyorrhea
Discharge of pus from the ear
93
Acoustic
Pertaining to hearing or sound
94
Otitis media
Inflammation of the middle ear
95
Cholesteatoma
Skin cells and cholesterol in a sac in the middle ear (cyst-like mass associated with chronic infections)
96
Incus
Second ossicle (tiny middle ear bone); anvil-shaped
97
dipl/o
Double

Medical Terminology (20 decks)

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