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Med Prep > ophtha - cornea, sclera > Flashcards

ophtha - cornea, sclera Flashcards

0
Q

5 layers of cornea

A
  1. Epith - 5 cells thick
  2. Bowman’ mem
  3. Stroma / substantia propria - 90% collagen; 5% cells and mucopolysaccharide
  4. Descemet’s mem
  5. Endothelium - for corneal hydration
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1
Q

Clear transparent ocular medium of the eye which is anterior portion of external coat of eye

A

Cornea

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2
Q

Cornea is rich in _____ this pain is the most common symptom

A

Sensory nerve supply

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3
Q

Cornea is a vascular thus dependent on ___ for nutrition

A

Air, tears and aqueous humor

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4
Q

Embryological origin of corneal epithelium

A

Surface ectoderm

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5
Q

Embryological origin of stroma and endothelium

A

Para-axial mesoderm

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6
Q

Derived from corneal subs appearing at end of 5th month

A

Bowman’s capsule

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7
Q

Derived from endothelium

A

Descement’s capsule

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8
Q

Sign of active corneal inflammation

A

Cellular infiltration of stroma
Edema
Neovascularization
Necrosis

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9
Q

Organisms that cause focal central inflammation of cornea

A

Herpes simplex
Hypes zoster
Bacteria
Fungi

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10
Q

Org that cause diffused inflammation of cornea

A

Adenovirus
Vaccinia
Chlamydia

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11
Q

Most common agent in bacterial corneal ulcer abroad

A

Pneumococcus (most common)
Poor axels
P. Aeruginosa

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12
Q

Most common agent in bacterial corneal ulcer in Philippines

A

P. Aeruginosa (most common)
Staph aureus
D. Pneumonia

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13
Q

Corneal ulcer may end up

A

Heal without scarring
Penetrate into stroma
Penetrate deeply to expose descemet’s mem
Perforate - Panophthalmitis

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14
Q

Viral keratitis is most common due to what virus

A

Herpes simplex

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15
Q

Gives rise to superficial ulcer forming branch-like extension (dendritic ulcer) when stained with Fluoroscein

A

Viral keratitis

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16
Q

With history of trauma with vegeteble matter

A

Fungal keratitis

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17
Q

Org that cause fungal keratitis

A

Fusarium
Aspergillus
Mycelia sterila

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18
Q

Appears as white or gray-white elevated hard ulcer with dot like satellite opacities

A

Fungal keratitis

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19
Q

Coin like corneal opacities common in farmers and agricultural workers

A

Padi keratitis

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20
Q

Padi keratitis is caused by

A

Virus

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21
Q

Superficial punctuate keratitis (SPK) is caused by what virus

A 
Adenovirus
Inclusion Cytomegalic virus
Measles
Mumps 
Trachoma
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22
Q

Multiple minute epith erosion which stains with Fluoroscein

A

SPK

23
Q

Characterized with presence of vesicles or bless accompanied by foreign body sensation and pain

A

Bullous keratopathy

24
Q

The scarring process on corneal opacities is due to

A

Collagen formation (which contracts as it matures)

25
Q

Classif, of corneal scared as to density:

Faint cloud like seen with oblique illum

A

Nebula

26
Q

Classif, of corneal scared as to density:

Large enough to be seen as gray spot

A

Macula

27
Q

Classif, of corneal scared as to density:

Dense and white scar

A

Leukoma

28
Q

When iris become
S attached to scar tissue resulting to visual disturbance becoz of diffusion if light and irreg refraction esp located within optical centre of cornea

A

Adherent leukoma

29
Q

Charac by bulging cicatricix of cornea as a result of perforation and iris becomes adherent to back surface if cornea

A

Corneal staphyloma

30
Q

Corneal staphyloma has no recoverable vision and is painful

A

True

31
Q

Final outcome of severe inflammation in corneal opacity asso with measles

A

Blindness

32
Q

Central corneal opacity which gradually tapers towards periphery. Opacity starts Posteriorly and drags ally involve more anterior layers. Asso with consumption of black rice.

A

Mindoro corneal opacity

33
Q

Microcornea

A

<10mm

34
Q

Megalocornea

A

> 13.5

35
Q

Opaque ring within cornea scleral junction charac by lipid deposits demonstrating fat stain

A

Arcus senilis

36
Q

Calcific degeneration of bowman’s mem. A sequela. Of uveitis, keratitis and long standing glaucoma

A

Band keratopathy

37
Q

Treatment for band keratopathy

A

O.4-1.8% Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) as cheating agent ff by scrapping of Ca deposits

38
Q

Small excrescences in periphery of descemet’s mem.

A

Hassan Henle bodies

39
Q

If Hassan Henle bodies changes centrally

A

So renal gluttata

40
Q

Progressive disease of cornea starting at periphery and progresses centrally

A

Mooren’s ulcer

41
Q

Marginal opacification of some superficial peripheral vascularization ff by loss of corneal subs

A

Senile marginal degeneration (terrien ulcer, gutter degeneration)

42
Q

Bilateral, begins as endothelial degeneration ff by stromal and epithelial edema and appearance of bulbar.

A

Endothelial (fuch’s) dystrophy

43
Q

Hereditary bilateral corneal lesion showing hyaline like deposits in stroma

A

Familia dystrophy

44
Q

Non inflammatory protrusion if center of cornea due to gradual thinning of apex

A

Keratoclonus

45
Q

Lower lid bulges when pt looks down

A

Munson’s sign

46
Q

Thinning of apex

A

Corneal hydrops

47
Q

Softening of cornea

A

Keratomalacia

48
Q

Most common malnutrition blindness in India

A

Kereatomalacia

49
Q

Replacement of partial or full thickness of diseased cornea with donor tissue

A

Keratoplasty

50
Q

Indications for keratoplasty

A

Improvement if visual func of opaque or diseased cornea
Correction of severe altered struc
Replacement of active diseased cornea
Improvement if cosmetic appearance of cornea

51
Q

Unfavorable factor in keratoplasty

A

Presence of vascularization

52
Q

Tunic coat mainly for protection, covered by tenons capsule and conjunctiva

A

Sclera

53
Q

Superficial inflammation of sclera
Lesion appears as flat or raised hard immovable nodule surrounded by far red or purple congestion
Usually at temporal side
Young adults

A

Episcleritis

54
Q 
Inflammation of deeper portion of sclera 
Bluish red in color 
Most common symptom: severe pain
Recurrence ipsi common
Young adults
A

Scleritis

55
Q

Most freq predisposing cause

A

TB

Med Prep (52 decks)

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