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HHP 1100 Terms > 19B (Vision & Hearing) > Flashcards

19B (Vision & Hearing) Flashcards

1
Q

these muscles are on the external eye

A

extrinsic muscles

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2
Q

these close to spread tears

A

eyelids

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3
Q

inner corner of eye

A

medial canthus

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4
Q

outer corner of eye

A

lateral canthus

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5
Q

fleshy portion of eye

A

lacrimal caruncle

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6
Q

lining of the eyelids & over the anterior surface of eye, does not cover cornea

A

conjunctiva

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7
Q

this structure produces, collects and drains tears from the eye

A

lacrimal apparatus

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8
Q

this produces tears

A

lacrimal gland

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9
Q

this collects tears

A

lacrimal sac

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10
Q

this is where excess tears drain

A

lacrimal canaliculi

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11
Q

this is where tears drain through nasal cavity

A

nasolacrimal duct

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12
Q

this is in front of the lens and contains circulating aqueous humor

A

anterior cavity

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13
Q

this is behind the lens and contains permanent vitreous humor

A

posterior cavity

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14
Q

name the three eye wall layers

A

fibrous tunic, vascular tunic, retina

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15
Q

what does the fibrous tunic contain?

A

sclera and cornea

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16
Q

what does the vascular tunic contain?

A

iris, ciliary body, choroid

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17
Q

what layers does the retina have?

A

a pigmented layer and a neural layer

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18
Q

this condition is the result is increased inner eye pressure

A

glaucoma

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19
Q

transparent layer of the eye

A

cornea

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20
Q

white of the eye, provides shape and protects internal eye

A

sclera

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21
Q

contains vast network of capillaries supplying nutrients and oxygen to the retina

A

choroid

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22
Q

changes the lens shape

A

ciliary body

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23
Q

this is the pigmented part of the anterior eye, controls the amount of light that enters eye

A

iris

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24
Q

name the two types of pupillae

A

sphincter and dilator (allows more light in)

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25
Q

the internal layer of the eye

A

retina

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26
Q

this layer of the retina houses photoreceptors and converts energy into nerve impulses

A

neural layer

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27
Q

name the three distinct layers from the neural layer

A

photoreceptor cells, bipolar cells, ganglion cells

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28
Q

this is the outermost neural layer composed of rods & cones

A

photoreceptor cells

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29
Q

this neural layer synapses photoreceptor & ganglion cells

A

bipolar cells

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30
Q

innermost neural layer, axons of these cells leave the retina and form the optic nerve

A

ganglion cells

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31
Q

characteristics of rods

A

more rods than cones, numerous in the periphery, night vision, low acuity, vision in shades of gray

32
Q

characteristics of cones

A

less cones than rods, concentrated in fovea, day vision high acuity, color vision

33
Q

this is a blind spot on the retina lacking photoreceptors

A

optic disc

34
Q

a depression in the retina containing the highest proportion of cones & no rods, sharpest vision

A

fovea centralis

35
Q

where is the fovea centralis located?

A

within the macula lutea

36
Q

this is a transparent structure of the eye

A

the lens

37
Q

accommodation

A

ability of the lens to change shape to focus an image

38
Q

the ability to distinguish fine detail

A

visual acuity

39
Q

someone with 20/20 vision is considered

A

normal

40
Q

someone with 20/ <20 has vision considered

A

better than normal

41
Q

someone with 20/ >20 has vision considered

A

worse than normal

42
Q

inability to focus on objects that are far

A

myopia

43
Q

what is the cause of myopia?

A

eyeball is too long–focuses in front of fovea

44
Q

what can fix myopia?

A

lenses that add width to the eye

45
Q

inability to focus on objects that are close

A

hyperopia

46
Q

what is the cause of hyperopia?

A

eyeball is too short

47
Q

what can fix hyperopia?

A

lenses that add length to the eye

48
Q

this condition is an increase in farsightedness with age

A

presbyopia

49
Q

this condition is irregularity on surface of cornea or lens, light will scatter

A

astigmatism

50
Q

this condition is inflammation of the conjunctiva

A

conjunctivitis or pinkeye

51
Q

the condition is the clouding of the lens

A

cataracts

52
Q

this condition has small unstable blood vessel developing along the retina and will cause blindspots if ruptured

A

diabetic retinopathy

53
Q

this condition is the misalignment of the eyes

A

strabismus

54
Q

name the 3 distinct regions of the ear

A

external, middle, inner ear

55
Q

name the parts of the external ear

A

auricle, external acoustic meatus, tympanic membrane (eardrum)

56
Q

within the external acoustic meatus, glands will product what?

A

cerumen/earwax

57
Q

name the parts of the middle ear

A

auditory tube, auditory ossicles

58
Q

connects middle ear to nasopharynx

A

auditory tube

59
Q

these are small bones are transmit sound waves to inner ear

A

malleus, incus, stapes

60
Q

what parts make up the equilibrium portion of the inner ear?

A

utricle, saccule, semicircular glands

61
Q

what part makes up the hearing portion of the inner ear?

A

the cochlea

62
Q

what parts of the inner ear detects static equilibrium?

A

utricle & saccule

63
Q

what part of the inner ear detects dynamic equilibrium?

A

semicircular ducts

64
Q

when hair cells bend, electrical activity is sent to the brain via the ______

A

vestibular nerve

65
Q

there are three semicircular canals, and each have an expanded region called ____

A

the ampulla

66
Q

this is an elevated region of ampulla covered by an epithelium of hair cells

A

crista ampullaris

67
Q

the hair cells embed into an overlying gelatinous dome is called the _____

A

capula

68
Q

within the cochlea is the ______, filled w/ endolymph

A

cochlear duct

69
Q

on either side of the cochlea duct are two chambers filled with perilympth

A

scala vestibuli & tympani

70
Q

_____ of cochlea contain hair cells, which have extensions projecting into an overlying gelatinous mass called the _____

A

spiral organ, tectorial membrane

71
Q

____ interprets sensory impulses

A

temporal lobe

72
Q

sound waves of various frequencies stimulate different parts of basilar membrane

A

pitch discrimination

73
Q

louder sound sources cause tympanic membrane to vibrate more in & out

A

loudness discrimination

74
Q

this condition is ringing in the airs

A

tinnitis

75
Q

this condition is caused by fluid buildup in the middle ear

A

conductive hearing loss

76
Q

this condition is an ear infection at either of the 3 distinct regions

A

otitis

HHP 1100 Terms (15 decks)

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