Ch 25B (Respiratory Tract) Flashcards
(65 cards)
the trachea splits into
right & left main bronchi
what do bronchiole walls have instead of cartilage?
thick layer of smooth muscle
what does the bronchiole walls help with?
bronchoconstriction & bronchodilation control
what does the final segments of conducting pathway consist of?
terminal bronchioles
name the structures associated with the respiratory portion
(1) terminal bronchioles
(2) resp. bronchioles
(3) alveolar ducts
(4) alveolar sac
(5) alveoli
alveolar wall is formed from what types of cells?
alveolar type I and II cells
what does the structure of alveolar type I cells consist of
simple squamous epithelial
describe the shape of alveolar type II cells
cuboidal
what does alveolar type II cells produce?
pulmonary surfactant
what does pulmonary surfactant do?
decreases surface tension within alveolus & prevent collapse
the underdevelopment of surfactant cells in premature babies is a condition called
infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS)
thin wall between alveolar lumen & the blood across which gases diffuse
respiratory membrane
name the types of pleura structure(s)
(1) visceral
(2) parietal
(3) pleural cavity
unlike the heart, the apex of the lung is
superior to the base
superficial region of lungs
costal surface
medial region of lungs
mediastinal surface
indentation on medial surface
hilum
which lung is slightly smaller and why?
the left lung–to accommodate for the heart
indentation on the left lung’s border
cardiac notch
divides the lung into superior & inferior lobes
oblique fissure
what structure does the right lung have that the left lung does not?
horizontal fissure
how many BP segments does the right lung have?
10
how many BP segments does the left lung have?
8-10
what is each BP segment supplied by?
its own tertiary bronchus & branch of pulmonary artery & vein
