Ch 25A (Respiratory Tract)

Question 1

the respiratory system is anatomically divided into

Answer 1

upper & lower respiratory tracts

Question 2

the respiratory system is functionally divided into

Answer 2

conducting & respiratory portions

Question 3

what do the functional portions do?

Answer 3

air transport (conducting) & gas exchange (respiratory)

Question 4

what are functions of the respiratory system?

Answer 4

(1) pulmonary ventilation
(2) gas exchange
(3) gas conditioning
(4) sound protection
(5) olfaction
(6) defense

Question 5

what structures does the upper respiratory tract include?

Answer 5

(1) nose and nasal cavities
(2) paranasal sinuses
(3) pharynx

Question 6

what forms the bridge of the nose?

Answer 6

nasal bones

Question 7

another way to say nostrils

Answer 7

nares

Question 8

what are the parts of the nasal cavity?

Answer 8

nasal septum & vestibule

Question 9

divides nasal cavity into left and right portions

Answer 9

nasal septum

Question 10

region just inside the nares

Answer 10

vestibule

Question 11

this forms the lateral walls for each cavity.

Answer 11

superior, middle, & inferior nasal conchae

Question 12

these are airspaces that make the bones lighter in weight, are named after the bones they reside

Answer 12

paranasal sinuses

Question 13

name the four kinds of paranasal sinuses

Answer 13

(1) frontal
(2) ethmoidal
(3) sphenoidal
(4) maxillary

Question 14

commonly called the throat, shared by respiratory & digestive tracts

Answer 14

pharynx

Question 15

name the three regions of the pharynx

Answer 15

(1) nasopharynx
(2) oropharynx
(3) laryngopharynx

Question 16

the pharynx is lined with

Answer 16

a mucosa

Question 17

the pharynx has a skeletal muscle that is for

Answer 17

swallowing

Question 18

describe the position of the nasopharynx

Answer 18

posterior to nasal cavity & superior to soft palate

Question 19

where are the auditory tubes of the nasopharynx found?

Answer 19

in the lateral walls

Question 20

what does the posterior nasopharynx house?

Answer 20

a single pharyngeal tonsil (adenoids)

Question 21

where is the oropharynx located?

Answer 21

bounded superiorly by soft palate & inferiorly by hyoid bone

Question 22

the oropharynx & laryngopharynx is a shared passage between

Answer 22

respiratory & digestive systems

Question 23

these are embedded in lateral walls between the arches

Answer 23

palatine tonsils

Question 24

these are often removed in a tonsillectomy

Answer 24

palatine tonsils

Question 25

these are at the base of the tongue

Answer 25

lingual tonsils

Question 26

where is the laryngopharynx located?

Answer 26

starts inferior to hyoid bone & extends to top of esophagus

Question 27

name the structures associated with site of respiration

Answer 27

(1) alveolar ducts (2) alveoli (3) respiratory bronchioles

Question 28

name the structures associated with no gas exchange

Answer 28

(1) larynx (2) trachea (3) bronchi (4) bronchioles (5) terminal bronchioles

Question 29

commonly called the voice box

Answer 29

larynx

Question 30

the larynx connects what two structures together?

Answer 30

pharynx to the trachea

Question 31

this structure is spoon-shaped cartilage projecting superiorly to the pharynx

Answer 31

epiglottis

Question 32

this action causes the epiglottis to close larynx opening

Answer 32

swallowing

Question 33

name the functions of the larynx

Answer 33

(1) passageway for air (2) prevents material from entering respiratory tract (3) produces sound for speech (4) participates in sneezer/cough reflexes

Question 34

this is the largest cartilage in the respiratory tract

Answer 34

thyroid cartilage

Question 35

what is another way to call an adam's apple

Answer 35

laryngeal prominence

Question 36

what structure is inferior to the adam's apple?

Answer 36

cricoid cartilage

Question 37

this is the opening between the vocal folds

Answer 37

rima glottdis

Question 38

what does the glottis consist of?

Answer 38

vocal folds and rims glottidis

Question 39

length & thickness of vocal folds

Answer 39

vocal range

Question 40

tension on vocal folds

Answer 40

pitch

Question 41

force which air is passing vocal folds

Answer 41

loudness

Question 42

this is most commonly called the windpipe

Answer 42

trachea

Question 43

describe the position of the trachea

Answer 43

anterior to the esophagus, inferior to the larynx, superior to the main bronchi

Question 44

what is the trachea supported by?

Answer 44

a C-shaped cartilaginous ring