2. Immunology

Question 1

Central tolerance occurs where (2)

Answer 1

Bone Marrow

Thymus

Question 2

MHC1 is comprised of what (3)

Answer 2

HLA A/B/C

Question 3

MH2 is comprised of what (3)

Answer 3

HLA (DP/DQ/DR)

Question 4

What is citrullination

Answer 4

Conversion of Arginine -> Citrulline

Question 5

citrullination occurs in what disease

Answer 5

Rheumatoid Arthritus

Question 6

Hashimotos Disease =>

Answer 6

Hypothroidism

Question 7

Graves Disease =>

Answer 7

Hyperthyroidism

Question 8

Myasthenia Gravis =>

Answer 8

Blocking of AcH

Question 9

Pernicious Anaemia =>

Answer 9

Auto AB to IF => no B12 absorption

Question 10

Atopic Triad is what 3 things

Answer 10

Atopic Dermatitis
Atopic Asthma
Allergic Rhinitis

Question 11

Penicillin // Cephalosporin // Carbapeneems // Monobactams // Vancomycin

All these do what?

Answer 11

Disrupt cell wall synthesis

Question 12

gentamicin // Clarithromycin // Mupirocin

All these do what

Answer 12

inhibit protein synthesis

Question 13

Daptomycin / colistin

All these do what

Answer 13

Membrane active agents

Question 14

Sulphonamides // trimethoprim // rifampicin

All these do what

Answer 14

Inhibit folate synthesis (DNA / RNA)

Question 15

Quinolones

What does it do?

Answer 15

Inhibit DNA replication

Question 16

TLR4 binds to what

Answer 16

Lipopolysaccharides

Question 17

PAMPS binds to what

Answer 17

Lipopolysacchardies

Question 18

TLR5 Binds to what

Answer 18

Flagellin

Question 19

TLR3 Binds to what

Answer 19

Viral RNA

Question 20

With neutrophil defects, what is a qualitative defect

Answer 20

Inability to kill

Question 21

With neutrophil defects, what is a quantitative defect

Answer 21

Less present

Question 22

Sensitivity

Answer 22

Proportion of people WITH disease who have Positive Test

Question 23

Specificity

Answer 23

Proportion of people WITHOUT disease who have a Negative Test

Question 24

what are the 3 types of transplant rejections

which one is T cell dependent

Answer 24

Acute Cellular Rejection (T cell mediated)
Acute AB Rejection (Pre-exposed AB)
Chronic AB Rejection

Question 25

Cell that is part of the innate immune system, that can both destroy cells infected by some viruses but also can stimulate the adaptive immune response

Answer 25

NK

Question 26

What is the name of the paediatric emergency where there is a defect or absence of a critical T cell molecule which can be cured by haemopoietic stem cell transplant?

Answer 26

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency

Question 27

process used for antibiotic selection

Answer 27

stepwise

Question 28

lowest concentration of antimicrobial agent at which visible growth of the microbes is prevented?

Answer 28

MIC

Question 29

what are cephalosporins

Answer 29

Beta-lactams

Question 30

Acute Viruses tend to be caused by what

Answer 30

RNA Viruses

Question 31

Azoles =

Answer 31

antifungal cell membrane agents

Question 32

Which antibiotic, commonly used to treat UTI, inhibits DNA synthesis in bacteria?

Answer 32

Trimethoprim

Question 33

Anti-Jo-1 ==>

Answer 33

dermatomyositis

Question 34

SCID is characterized as what?

Answer 34

lack of B + T cell development

Question 35

Contact iritant dermatitis is what type of hypersensitivity

Answer 35

not a type

Question 36

Atopic dermatitis example

Answer 36

eczema

Question 37

atopic dermatitis hypersensitivity type

Answer 37

eczema => type 1

Question 38

type 1 diabetes is what type of hypersensitivity?

Answer 38

Type 4