2013 NC State Mock Exam Tangent Questions C

Question 1

109. Which of the following statements would apply to a research institution that is PHS-Assured and USDA-registered, but is not AAALAC, International accredited?

a. Institution has a “category 1” assurance status and is required to submit their most recent IACUC semi-annual report with their Assurance for review
b. Institution has a “category 2” assurance status and is required to submit their most recent IACUC semi-annual report with their Assurance for review
c. Institution has a “category 2” assurance status and is not required to submit their most recent IACUC semi-annual report with their Assurance for review
d. Assurance status is irrelevant since all PHS-Assurance renewals require submission of the institution’s most recent IACUC semi-annual with their Assurance for review.

Answer 1

b. Institution has a “category 2” assurance status and is required to submit their most recent IACUC semi-annual report with their Assurance for review

1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 2 – Laws, Regulations, and Policies affecting the Use of Laboratory Animals, pp. 25-26.
2) Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare. 2002. Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, pp. 10-11.
Domain 5

Question 2

110. Which of the following organisms is considered to be a normal inhabitant in the gastrointestinal tract of chinchillas?

a. Baylisascaris procyonis
b. Giardia spp.
c. Toxoplasma gondii
d. Yersenia spp.

Answer 2

b. Giardia spp.

1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 7 – Biology and Diseases of Other Rodents, pp. 288-289.
2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 42 – Chinchillas, Diseases and Veterinary Care, p. 998
Domain 1; Tertiary Species – Other Rodents

Question 3

111. How is the Goldblatt kidney model of renovascular hypertension created in rats?

Answer 3

Constricting one renal artery while leaving the other kidney intact

References: Suckow MA, Weisbroth SH, Franklin CL, eds. 2006. The Laboratory Rat, 2nd edition. Elsevier Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 23 – Spontaneous, Surgically, and Chemically Induced Models of Disease, p. 719.
Domain 3; Primary Species – Rat (Rattus norvegicus)

Question 4

112. All of the following describe the breeding cycle of guinea pigs EXCEPT?

a. Induced ovulators
b. Nonseasonal breeders
c. Polyestrous
d. Spontaneous ovulators

Answer 4

a. Induced ovulators

1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 6 - Biology and Diseases of Guinea Pigs, p. 210.
2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 21 – Management, Husbandry, and Colony Health, pp. 611-612
3) Percy DH and Barthold SW. 2007. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 3rd ed. Blackwell Publishing: Ames, Iowa. Chapter 5 – Guinea Pig, p. 217.
Domain 4; Secondary Species – Guinea pig (Cavia porcellus)

Question 5

113. The Public Health Service includes all of the following organizations EXCEPT?

a. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
b. Health Resources and Services Administration
c. Indian Health Service
d. National Science Foundation
e. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

Answer 5

d. National Science Foundation

1) Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare. 2002. Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. III. Definitions, p. 8 (http://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/references/PHSPolicyLabAnimals.pdf)
2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 2 – Laws, Regulations, and Policies Affecting the Use of Laboratory Animals, p. 25
Domain 5

Question 6

114. An assay was found to have the following sample results: 50 true positives, 1000 true negatives, 10 false negatives, and 5 false positives. What is the sensitivity of this assay?

Answer 6

** 83.3%**

Reference: Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 10 – Microbiological Quality Control for Laboratory Rodents and Lagomorphs, pp. 385-386.
Domain 1

Question 7

115. What agent is an anti-epileptic drug that is has a non-opioid mechanism of action and has been used with other analgesics to provide chronic pain management in veterinary species?

Answer 7

Gabapentin

1) Committee on Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals, National Research Council. 2009. Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals. National Academies Press: Washington, DC. Chapter 4, p. 87.
2) McKeon et al. 2011. Analgesic effects of tramadol, tramadol-gabapentin, and buprenorphine in an incisional model of pain in rats (Rattus norvegicus). JAALAS 50(2):192-197
Domain 2

Question 8

116. Which of the following is characteristic of the WHHL rabbit?

a. Decreased plasma apolipoprotein E levels
b. Deficiency of receptors for high-density lipoprotein in liver
c. Deficiency of receptors for low-density lipoprotein in liver
d. Increased plasma high-density lipoprotein levels
e. Reduced plasma low-density lipoprotein levels

Answer 8

c. Deficiency of receptors for low-density lipoprotein in liver

1) Kobayashi et al. 2012. Electrocardiograms corresponding to the development of myocardial infarction in anesthetized WHHLMI rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), an animal model for familial hypercholesterolemia. Comp Med 62(5):409-418.
2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 9 – Biology and Diseases of Rabbits, p. 331.
3) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 18 – The Rabbit as an Experimental Model, pp. 533-535
Domain 3; Primary Species – Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Question 9

117. Which of the following systems refers to the physical structure used to contain the water and aquatic animals as well as the ancillary equipment used to move and/or treat the water?

a. Aquarium
b. Aquatic support
c. Biofilter
d. Life support
e. Terrestrial support

Answer 9

d. Life support

1) Institute for Laboratory Animal Resources. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. Chapter 3 – Environment, Housing, and Management, p. 79.
2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 19 – Biology and Management of the Zebrafish, pp. 871-873.
Domain 4

Question 10

118. Which of the following agencies oversees regulations for the conduct of animal experiments relating to new or existing pharmaceutical medicinal substances, food additives or chemicals?

Answer 10

FDA

1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 1 – Laboratory Animal Medicine: Historical Perspectives, pp. 14-15; Chapter 2 – Laws, Regulations, and Policies Affecting the Use of Laboratory Animals, pp. 25-26, 29-30.
2) http://www.fda.gov/RegulatoryInformation/Legislation/default.htm
Domain 5

Question 11

119. Which organization advances the humane care and responsible use of laboratory animals through certification of veterinary specialists, professional development, education and research?

Answer 11

ACLAM

1) http://www.aclam.org/about-us
2) http://www.aalas.org/association/about.aspx
3) http://www.nabr.org/About_NABR/Mission_Statement.aspx
4) http://www.fbresearch.org/TwoColumnWireframe.aspx?pageid=102
2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 1 - Laboratory Animal Medicine, Historical Perspective, pp. 10-13.
Domain 6

Question 12

120. In which of the following species is the adult female larger than the male?

a. Mesocricetus auratus
b. Mus musculus
c. Mustela putorius furo
d. Oryctolagus cuniculus

Answer 12

a. Mesocricetus auratus

References: Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 5 – Biology and Diseases of Hamsters, p. 169; Chapter 13 – Biology and Diseases of Ferrets, p. 486
Domain 1; Secondary Species – Syrian Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus)

Question 13

121. Which sheep breed is a model of congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia?

Answer 13

Southdown

1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 14 – Biology and Diseases of Ruminants: Sheep, Goats, and Cattle, p. 521.
2) http://www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/index.jsp?cfile=htm/bc/22838.htm
3) http://www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/index.jsp?cfile=htm/bc/22839.htm
Domain 3; Secondary Species – Sheep (Ovis aries)

Question 14

122. All of the following applies to HEPA filters EXCEPT?

a. Particles smaller than 0.3 um are removed with lesser efficiency
b. Bacteria, spores and viruses are removed from air by these filters
c. They remove particles of 0.3 um size with an efficiency of at least 99.97%
d. Particles larger than 0.3 um are removed with greater efficiency
e. HEPA stands for high efficiency particulate air

Answer 14

a. Particles smaller than 0.3 um are removed with lesser efficiency

1) U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and National Institutes of Health. 2007. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories. 5th ed. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. Appendix A – Primary Containment for Biohazards: Selection, Installation and Use of Biological Safety Cabinets, pp. 291-292
(http://www.cdc.gov/biosafety/publications/bmbl5/BMBL5_appendixA.pdf).
2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 10 – Microbiological Quality Control For Laboratory Rodents and Lagomorphs, p. 369
Domain 4

Question 15

123. According to the Public Health Service Policy on Human Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, what is a quorum and when is a quorum of the institutional use and care committee (IACUC) required?

Answer 15

** Majority of the total number of voting IACUC members; suspension of an activity**

1) Frequently Asked Questions: Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (http://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/faqs.htm)
2) Applied Research Ethics National Association (ARENA) and Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW). 2002. Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Guidebook. 2nd Edition. OLAW, Bethesda, MD. A.2. Authority, Composition and Functions, pp. 15-16.
3) Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare. 2002. Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. III. Definitions, p. 14
Domain 5

Question 16

124. Which of the following is the most likely cause of reluctance to move, lameness, petechia, cranial enlargement, and joint pain in a young Saimiri spp.?

a. Excess vitamin A in the diet
b. Vitamin B12 deficiency
c. Vitamin C deficiency
d. Elevated levels of Vitamin D
e. Excess salt in the diet

Answer 16

c. Vitamin C deficiency

Reference: Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 16 - Nonhuman Primates, pp. 757, -775.
Domain 1; Secondary Species - Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri sciureus)

Question 17

125. According to the 2007 AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia, which of the following animals can be euthanized by maceration?

a. 1 week old poults
b. Embryonic rodents
c. Day-old poultry
d. Tadpoles
e. Fish

Answer 17

c. Day-old poultry

Reference: American Veterinary Medical Association. 2007. AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia (Formerly Report of the AVMA Panel on Euthanasia), p. 17
(http://www.avma.org/issues/animal_welfare/euthanasia.pdf).
Domain 2; Tertiary Species – Chicken (Gallus domesticus) and Other Birds

Question 18

126. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding cryopreservation of rat sperm?

a. Freezing sperm in raffinose-modified Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate solution-egg yolk extender alone is the best preservation technique
b. Raffinose-modified Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate solution-egg yolk extender with ionomycin caused sperm lysis
c. Supplementation of the extender with lactate and ATP increases the number of motile sperm before freezing
d. Rat sperm has not been successfully cryopreserved

Answer 18

c. Supplementation of the extender with lactate and ATP increases the number of motile sperm before freezing

1) Yamashiro et al. 2010. Lactate and adenosine triphosphate in the extender enhance the cryosurvival of rat epididymalsperm. JAALAS 49(2):160-166.
2) Yamashiro et al. 2010. Extracellular ATP and dibutyryl cAMP enhance the freezability of rat epididymal sperm. JAALAS 49(2):167-172.
Domain 3; Primary Species – Rat (Rattus norvegicus)

Question 19

127. Which of the following vitamins in laboratory rodent diets is most sensitive to autoclaving?

a. A
b. B1
c. B6
d. D3
e. Folate

Answer 19

b. B1

References: Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 3 – Normative Biology, Husbandry, and Models. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 10 – Nutrition, p. 362.
Domain 4

Question 20

128. What act authorizes the Environmental Protection Agency to register and control the use of pesticides?

Answer 20

FIFRA (The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act)

Reference: Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 2 – Laws, Regulations, and Policies Affecting the Use of Laboratory Animals, p. 27.
Domain 5

Question 21

129. All of the following mites are zoonotic EXCEPT?

a. Chirodiscoides caviae
b. Cheyletiella parasitavorax
c. Ornithonyssus bacoti
d. Trixacarus caviae

Answer 21

a. Chirodiscoides caviae

1) Percy DH and Barthold SW. 2007. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 3rd edition. Blackwell Publishing: Ames, Iowa. Chapter 2 – Rat, p. 158; Chapter 5 – Guinea Pig, pp. 234-235
2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002 Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 6 – Biology and Diseases of Guinea Pigs, pp. 225-228; Chapter 9 – Biology and Diseases of Rabbits, pp. 349-350; Chapter 25 – Selected Zoonoses, pp. 1096 (Table IV), 1098
3) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 15 – Parasitic Diseases, p. 431; Chapter 23 – Infectious Diseases, pp. 671-673; Chapter 32 – Parasitic Diseases, p. 862
Domain 1

Question 22

130. Corticosterone levels in rats can be used to evaluate which of the following?

a. Decreases in corticosterone levels are a direct indicator of a stressful situation
b. Decreases in corticosterone levels are an indirect indicator of a stressful situation
c. Increases in corticosterone levels are a direct indicator of a stressful situation
d. Increases in corticosterone levels are an indirect indicator of a stressful situation

Answer 22

d. Increases in corticosterone levels are an indirect indicator of a stressful situation

1) Costa et al. 2012. Handling of adolescent rats improves learning and memory and decreases anxiety. JAALAS 51(5):548-553
2) Turner et al. 2012. Oral gavage in rats: animal welfare evaluation. JAALS 51(1):25 -30
Domain 3; Primary Species – Rat (Rattus norvegicus)

Question 23

131. What is the term for a group of genetically authentic mice of a particular stock or strain that is used to establish colonies by providing breeders?

Answer 23

Foundation colony

1) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 3 – Normative Biology, Husbandry, and Models. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 8 – Management and Design: Breeding Facilities, p. 236.
2) http://www.taconic.com/wmspage.cfm?parm1=367
Domain 4; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus)

Question 24

132. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration limits employee exposure to noise to how many decibels measured on the A scale of a standard sound-level meter at slow response (dBA) averaged over an 8 hour work shift?

Answer 24

** 90**

Reference: Committee on Occupational Safety and Health in Research Animal Facilities, Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council. 1997. Occupational Health and Safety in the Care and Use of Research Animals. National Academy Press, DC. Chapter 3 – Physical, Chemical, and Protocol-Related Hazards, p. 41.
Domain 5

Question 25

133. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding Aspiculuris tetraptera infection in mice? a. Perianal tape test can commonly detect ova deposited by females while fecal float is unlikely to detect ova b. A. tetraptera eggs are generally larger than those of S. obvelata, and are asymmetrically flattened on one side when seen microscopically c. Examination of cecal and colonic contents is the best method for diagnosis d. Adult female worms have smaller cervical alae than S. obvelata and a round esophageal bulb while males have prominent mamelons and a spicule

Answer 25

c. **Examination of cecal and colonic contents is the best method for diagnosis** 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – Biology and Diseases of Mice, pp. 101-102 2) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 2 – Diseases. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 22 – Helminth Parasites of Laboratory Mice, pp. 555-559. 3) Baker DG, ed. 2007. Flynn’s Parasites of Laboratory Animals, 2nd edition. Blackwell Publishing, Iowa, USA. Chapter 11 – Parasites of Rats and Mice, pp. 337-340 Domain 1; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus)

Question 26

134. Which of the following analgesia or anesthetic regimens is most effective and practical treatment to manage pain after tail biopsy in mice? a. Buprenorphine b. Ethyl chloride spray c. Ice cold ethanol d. Isoflurane e. Lidocaine

Answer 26

a. Buprenorphine 1) Jones et al. 2012. Evaluation of common anesthetic and analgesic techniques for tail biopsy in mice. JAALAS 51(6): 808-814. 2) Hankenson et al. 2011. Behavioral and activity assessment of laboratory mice after tail biopsy under isoflurane anesthesia. JAALAS 50 (5):686-694. Domain 2; Primary Species – Mice (Mus musculus)

Question 27

135. Which of the following IS NOT a consideration when housing venomous species of reptiles in a research facility? a. Avoidance of direct contact with caging b. Security of animal housing c. Appropriate training of personnel involved in care and use d. A plan for immediate delivery of definitive medical care

Answer 27

a. Avoidance of direct contact with caging 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 18 - Biology and Diseases of Reptiles, pp. 836-837. 2) Committee on Occupational Safety and Health in Research Animal Facilities, Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council. 1997. Occupational Health and Safety in the Care and Use of Research Animals. National Academy Press, DC. Chapter 3 - Physical, Chemical, and Protocol-Related Hazards, pp. 33-34. Domain 4; Tertiary Species - Reptiles

Question 28

136. What is the recommended minimum space requirement per animal for 2 pigs housed together that are less than 25 kg each?

Answer 28

**6 ft²** 1) National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Chapter 3 - Environment, Housing and Management, p. 62. 2) Committees to Revise the Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Agricultural Research and Teaching. 2010. GUIDE For the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Research and Teaching. 3rd Edition. Federation of Animal Science Societies, Savoy, IL. Chapter 11 – Swine, p. 148 (http://www.fass.org/docs/agguide3rd/Ag\_Guide\_3rd\_ed.pdf) Domain 4

Question 29

137. According to the Animal Welfare Act and its regulations, which of the following individuals may request a full committee review by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of a protocol describing proposed activities involving the care and use of animals? a. Any institutional employee b. Any member of the IACUC c. Institutional official d. Primary investigator

Answer 29

b. Any member of the IACUC 1) Animal Welfare Regulations, CFR Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A – Animal Welfare, Part 2 – Regulations, Subpart C – Research Facilities §2.31 Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC), (d)(xi)(2). (August 2002 Edition, p. 35) 2) Applied Research Ethics National Association (ARENA) and Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW). 2002. Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Guidebook. 2nd Edition. OLAW, Bethesda, MD. Section C.1. Fundamental Issues, pp. 91-93. Domain 5

Question 30

138. All of the following applies to an NIH Research Project Grant Program (R01) EXCEPT? a. Advance permission required for $500K or more (direct costs) in any year b. Generally awarded for 3 -5 years c. Maximum awarded amount of 1 million dollars d. NIH's most commonly used grant program e. Used to support a discrete, specified, circumscribed research project

Answer 30

c. Maximum awarded amount of 1 million dollars Reference: National Institute of Health. Office of Extramural Research. (http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/funding\_program.htm) Domain 6

Question 31

139. Predisposing factors for hypoglycemia in squirrel and owl monkeys include all of the following EXCEPT? a. Low basal metabolic rates b. Lower body fat percentages c. Limited glycogen reserves d. Limited gluconeogenic enzymes e. Limited ability to utilize ketones and fatty acids

Answer 31

a. Low basal metabolic rates Reference: Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 16 – Nonhuman Primates, p. 776. Domain 1; Secondary Species – Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri sciureus) and Tertiary Species – Other Nonhuman Primates

Question 32

140. Up to how many days of age can maceration be used as a conditionally acceptable method of euthanasia for poultry?

Answer 32

**1 day of age** Reference: American Veterinary Medical Association. 2007. AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia (Formerly Report of the AVMA Panel on Euthanasia), p. 17 (http://www.avma.org/issues/animal\_welfare/euthanasia.pdf). Domain 2; Tertiary Species – Chicken (Gallus domesticus)

Question 33

141. At what point are two divergent inbred strains considered to be substrains when allowed to propagate from the same ancestral pair?

Answer 33

After 20 generations of brother sister matings 1) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 1 – History, Wild Mice, and Genetics. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Breeding Systems, p. 62. 2) International Committee on Standardized Genetic Nomenclature for Mice and Rat Genome and Nomenclature Committee. Guidelines for Nomenclature of Mouse and Rat Strains. October 2011. http://www.informatics.jax.org/mgihome/nomen/strains.shtml#substrains Domain 3

Question 34

142. Xenopus laevis SHOULD NOT be housed with Xenopus tropicalis due to which of the following phenomena? a. Aeromonas hydrophila, the causative agent of “Redleg” in X. laevis, manifests as a more severe condition known as “Blackleg” in X. tropicalis b. X. tropicalis, whose natural habitat is more northern than X. laevis, requires a much longer light cycle (16 h light: 8 h dark) than X. laevis for more robust breeding c. X. tropicalis require a much warmer water temperature, 85-87°F (29.5-30.5°C) than X. laevis, 68-71.5°F (20-22°C) d. In X. laevis, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis causes a subclinical infection whereas this organism can result in high mortality in X. tropicalis

Answer 34

d. **In *X. laevis*, *Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis* causes a subclinical infection whereas this organism can result in high mortality in *X. tropicalis*** 1) Parker et al. 2002. Clinical diagnosis and treatment of epidermal chytridiomycosis in African Clawed frogs (Xenopus tropicalis). Comp Med 52(3):265-268. 2) Green SL. 2010. The Laboratory Xenopus. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL. Chapter 4 – Veterinary Care, pp. 69-124. Domain 4; Secondary Species – African Clawed Frog (Xenopus spp.)

Question 35

143. Which amendment to the Laboratory Animal Welfare Act of 1966 prohibits interstate promotion or shipment of animals for animal fighting ventures?

Answer 35

**1976 Amendment to the Animal Welfare Act** 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 2 – Laws, Regulations, and Policies Affecting the Use of Laboratory Animals, p. 20. 2) http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal\_welfare/downloads/awa\_leg\_history.pdf 3) http://www.nal.usda.gov/awic/pubs/AWA2007/intro.shtml Domain 5

Question 36

144. For which of the following diseases in goats is antibiotic therapy the recommended treatment? a. Shipping fever b. Tuberculosis c. Johne’s disease d. Caseous lymphadenitis e. Caprine arthritis encephalitis

Answer 36

a. Shipping fever 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 14 – Biology and Diseases of Ruminants: Sheep, Goats, and Cattle, pp. 547, 557-560, 569-570 2) Pugh DG. 2002. Sheep and Goat Medicine. Saunders. Chapter 14, pp. 377-381; Chapter 9, pp. 239-240. Domain 1; Secondary Species – Goat (Capra hircus)

Question 37

145. Which of the following designations describes a mouse strain with the nuclear genome of C57BL/6J and the cytoplasmic (mitochondrial) genome of BALB/c? a. B6-cyto^C b. B6-mt^C c. C57BL/6J-cyto^BALB/c d. C57BL/6J-mit^BALB/c e. C57BL/6J-mt^BALB/c

Answer 37

e. C57BL/6-mt^BALB/c 1) Suckow MA, Weisbroth SH, Franklin CL, eds. 2006. The Laboratory Rat, 2nd edition. Elsevier Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – Taxonomy Stocks and Strains, p. 90. 2) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 1 – History, Wild Mice, and Genetics. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 5 – Mouse Strain and Genetic Nomenclature: An Abbreviated Guide, pp. 87-88. 3) International Committee on Standardized Genetic Nomenclature for Mice and Rat Genome and Nomenclature Committee. Guidelines for Nomenclature of Mouse and Rat Strains. October 2011. http://www.informatics.jax.org/mgihome/nomen/strains.shtml#conplastic Domain 3; Primary Species –Mouse (Mus musculus)

Question 38

146. Sheep and other animals known to be actively harboring Coxiella burnetii infections should be maintained under which animal biosafety level?

Answer 38

**BSL-3** 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter – Selected Zoonoses, p. 1076. 2) U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and National Institutes of Health. 2009. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories. 5th ed. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. Section VIII-D: Rickettsial Agents, p. 196 (http://www.cdc.gov/biosafety/publications/bmbl5/BMBL5\_sect\_VIII\_d.pdf ) Domain 4; Secondary Species – Sheep (Ovis aries)

Question 39

147. For which of the following reasons should alternative methods to euthanasia with CO² be considered in neonatal rodents? a. Neonatal rodents require longer exposure times because of their resistance to the hypoxia-inducing effects of CO2 b. The amount of gas required to achieve narcosis in neonatal rodents exceeds the capacity of most euthanasia chambers c. CO2 is inhumane in neonates due to its caustic properties d. Alternative methods are not necessary

Answer 39

a. **Neonatal rodents require longer exposure times because of their resistance to the hypoxia-inducing effects of CO²** 1) National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Chapter 4 - Veterinary Care, p. 124. 2) American Veterinary Medical Association. 2007. AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia (Formerly Report of the AVMA Panel on Euthanasia), pp. 7-9, 22 (http://www.avma.org/issues/animal\_welfare/euthanasia.pdf). Domain 5

Question 40

148. What is the causative agent of microsporidiosis in zebrafish?

Answer 40

***Pseudoloma neurophilia*** 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002 Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 19 – Biology and Management of Zebrafish, p. 876-880. 2) Murray et al. 2011. Transmission, diagnosis, and recommendations for control of Pseudoloma neurophilia infections in laboratory zebrafish (Danio rerio) facilities. Comp Med 61(4):322-329 Domain 1; Secondary Species – Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Question 41

149. Which of the following drugs acts on the descending pain pathway through inhibition of norepinephrine uptake? a. Butorphanol b. Hydroxymorphone c. Naloxone d. Sertraline e. Tramadol

Answer 41

e. **Tramadol** 1) Fish RE, Brown MJ, Danneman PJ, Karas AZ, eds. 2008. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Pharmacology of Analgesics, pp. 114-115. 2) McKeon et al. 2011. Analgesic effects of tramadol, tramadol-gabapentin, and buprenorphine in an incisional model of pain in rats (Rattus norvegicus). JAALAS 50(2):192-197. Domain 2

Question 42

150. The LEW (Lewis) rat is a common model for which of the following diseases? a. Congenital genitourinary anomalies b. Hypertension c. Mononuclear cell leukemia d. Multiple sclerosis e. Obesity

Answer 42

d. **Multiple sclerosis** 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Biology and Diseases of Rats, p. 122. 2) Emerson et al. 2009. Enhancing the ability of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis to serve as a more rigorous model of multiple sclerosis through refinement of the experimental design. Comp Med 59(2):112-128. Domain 3; Primary Species – Rat (Rattus norvegicus)

Question 43

151. Which of the following statements best describes how nest boxes should be provided for hens? a. Nesting material inside the box should be loose, moldable and allow the hen to build their own nest rather than use a pre-shaped nest b. Shape of the nest box itself is more important than the nesting material with round nest boxes preferred c. Nest boxes should contain within them a perch made of a smooth material that is a small diameter d. Nest boxes should contain an abrasive strip inside so that the hens can wear down their claws on the strip

Answer 43

a. Nesting material inside the box should be loose, moldable and allow the hen to build their own nest rather than use a pre-shaped nest 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 32 – Laboratory Animal Behavior, p. 1254. 2) Committees to Revise the Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Agricultural Research and Teaching. 2010. GUIDE For the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Research and Teaching. 3rd Edition. Federation of Animal Science Societies, Savoy, IL. Chapter 9 - Poultry, pp. 115-116. Domain 4; Tertiary Species – Chicken (Gallus domesticus)

Question 44

152. According to the current Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, what is the recommended dry-bulb temperature range for rabbits?

Answer 44

**61-72°F** 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 9 – Biology and Diseases of Rabbits, p. 338. 2) National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Chapter 3 - Environment, Housing and Management, p. 44. Domain 5; Primary Species – Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Question 45

153. What is the common vector for bluetongue virus in the United States?

Answer 45

**Biting midge** 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 14 – Biology and Diseases of Ruminants: Sheep. Goats, and Cattle, pp. 565-566, 597-598. 2) Miller et al. 2010. Investigation of a bluetongue disease epizootic caused by bluetongue virus serotype 17 in sheep in Wyoming. JAVMA 237(8):955-959. Domain 1

Question 46

154. Which of the following mouse models of immunodeficiency is characterized by a decreased natural killer cell activity? a. Beige b. Nude c. SCID d. Rag-1 e. XID

Answer 46

a. **Beige** 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 - Biology and Diseases of Mice, p. 55 [Table XII]. 2) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 4 – Immunology. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 13 – Mouse Models of Immunodeficiency, pp. 277-279. Domain 3; Primary Species - Mouse (Mus musculus)

Question 47

155. Which of the following is one of the most common factors leading to intestinal disorders in rabbits? a. Diet low in fermentable carbohydrates and high in insoluble fiber b. Diet high in calcium c. Diet high in fermentable carbohydrates and low in insoluble fiber d. Diet high in non-fermentable carbohydrates and low in insoluble fiber e. Diet low in vitamin D

Answer 47

c. **Diet high in fermentable carbohydrates and low in insoluble fiber ** 1) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 9 – Rabbit Colony Management and Related Health Concerns, pp. 236-237. 2) Percy DH and Barthold SW. 2007. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 3rd edition. Blackwell Publishing: Ames, Iowa. Chapter 6 – Rabbit, pp. 277-278. Domain 4; Primary Species – Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Question 48

156. According to the Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee shall report in writing to OLAW any change in the description of the institution’s program for animal care and use at least how often?

Answer 48

**12 months** Reference: Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare. 2002. Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. III. Definitions, p. 17. Domain 5

Question 49

157. Which of the following statements best describes type II diabetes mellitus in macaques? a. Observed in cynomolgus but not rhesus macaques; associated with central obesity b. Observed in rhesus but not cynomolgus macaques; not associated with central obesity c. Observed in rhesus and cynomolgus macaques; associated with central obesity d. Observed in rhesus and cynomolgus macaques; not associated with central obesity

Answer 49

c. Observed in rhesus and cynomolgus macaques; associated with central obesity 1) Bauer, et al. 2011. Obesity in rhesus and cynomolgus macaques: a comparative review of the condition and its implications for research. Comp Med 61(6):514-526 2) Cefalu. 2006. Animal models of type 2 diabetes: clinical presentation and pathophysiological relevance to the human condition. ILAR J 47(3):186–198. Domain 1; Primary Species – Macaques (Macaca spp.)

Question 50

158. Which of the following best describes the biodisposition of ketamine? a. A rapid onset of action and low lipid solubility b. A slow onset of action and high lipid solubility c. A rapid onset of action and high lipid solubility d. A slow onset of action and a low lipid solubility

Answer 50

c. **A rapid onset of action and high lipid solubility** 1) Fish RE, Brown MJ, Danneman PJ, Karas AZ, eds. 2008. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 2 – Pharmacology of Injectable Anesthetics, Sedatives, and Tranquilizers, p. 48. 2) Struck et al. 2011. Effect of a short-term fast on ketamine-xylazine anesthesia in rats. JAALAS 50(3):344–348. Domain 2

Question 51

159. Which of the following statements is TRUE relative to tail biopsies in mice? a. Best performed in animals greater than one month of age b. Ossification of the distal vertebrae occurs predictably at day 28 in commonly used mouse strains c. Isoflurane anesthesia does not appreciably enhance wellbeing over that of mice biopsied without anesthesia up to 31 days of age d. BALB/c mice undergo more rapid vertebral development of the tail than do C57BL/6 mice

Answer 51

c. Isoflurane anesthesia does not appreciably enhance wellbeing over that of mice biopsied without anesthesia up to 31 days of age 1) Jones et al. 2012. Evaluation of common anesthetic and analgesic techniques for tail biopsy in mice. JAALAS 51(6): 808-814. 2) Hankenson et al. 2011. Behavioral and activity assessment of laboratory mice after tail biopsy under isoflurane anesthesia. JAALAS 50 (5):686-694. Domain 3; Primary Species – Mice (Mus musculus)

Question 52

160. Which of the following methods used to decontaminate diets can lead to the formation of breakdown products with potential toxicities, such as free radicals and peroxides? a. Autoclaving b. Ethylene oxide c. Extrusion d. Irradiation d. Pasteurization

Answer 52

d. **Irradiation** 1) Suckow MA, Weisbroth SH, Franklin CL, eds. 2006. The Laboratory Rat, 2nd edition. Elsevier Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 9 – Nutrition, pp. 271-273. 2) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 3 – Normative Biology, Husbandry, and Models. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 10 – Nutrition, p.365. Domain 4

Question 53

161. What law or regulation is designed to prohibit any person from damaging or interfering with the operations of an animal enterprise?

Answer 53

**AETA** Reference: Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act. Public Law. 109–374—NOV. 27, 2006. (http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-109publ374/pdf/PLAW-109publ374.pdf) Domain 5

Question 54

162. What organization communicates legislative information and provides members with summaries, or full texts of bills, legislative history and trends, and listings of pending legislation regarding regulation of the care and use of laboratory animals?

Answer 54

**NABR - National Association of Biomedical Research** 1) http://www.nabr.org/About\_NABR/Member\_Services.aspx 2) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National\_Association\_for\_Biomedical\_Research Domain 6

Question 55

163. Which one of the following diseases is more commonly observed in adult rabbits? a. Mucoid enteritis b. Enterotoxemia c. Colibacillosis d. Treponematosis

Answer 55

d. **Treponematosis** 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 9 – Biology and Diseases of Rabbits, pp. 342-344. 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 13 – Bacterial Diseases, pp. 314-318, 321-326, 331-335, 343-344 3) Percy DH and Barthold SW. 2007. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 3rd edition. Blackwell Publishing: Ames, Iowa. Chapter 6 – Rabbit, pp. 269, 273-274, 277, 282 Domain 1; Primary Species - Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Question 56

164. What family does both rabbits and hares belong to? a. Cuniculidae b. Leporidae c. Lepudae d. Ochotonidae e. Oryctologidae

Answer 56

b. **Leporidae** 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002 Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 9 – Biology and Diseases of Rabbits, p. 330 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 6 – The Domestic Rabbit, Oryctolagus Cuniculus: Origins and History, p. 158. Domain 3; Primary Species – Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Question 57

165. All of the following agencies and international bodies are involved in the regulation of transport and movement of animals EXCEPT? a. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention b. Food and Drug Administration c. International Air Transport Association d. US Department of Agriculture e. US Fish and Wildlife Service

Answer 57

b. **Food and Drug Administration** 1) National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Chapter 4 – Veterinary Care, p. 107. 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 2 – Laws, Regulations, and Policies Affecting the Use of Laboratory Animals, pp. 26-27, 29-30 Domain 4

Question 58

166. According to the most current version of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, which of the following statements applies to animals maintained in outdoor runs, pens, or other large enclosures? a. Should have protection from extremes in temperature or other harsh weather conditions and adequate opportunities for retreat b. Must have protection from extremes in temperature or other harsh weather conditions and adequate opportunities for retreat c. Do not require protection from extremes in temperature or other harsh weather conditions and adequate opportunities for retreat d. Sometimes need protection from extremes in temperature or other harsh weather conditions and adequate opportunities for retreat

Answer 58

b. **Must have protection from extremes in temperature or other harsh weather conditions and adequate opportunities for retreat** Reference: National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Chapter 3 - Environment, Housing, and Management, p. 54. Domain 5

Question 59

167. An unmanipulated Xenopus lavis female is euthanized due to wasting despite a good appetite. On gross exam, the animal has cutaneous ulcerations and granulomatous lesions in the liver. One of the lab members has recently developed a nonhealing ulcer on his thumb. Which of the following do you expect to find on histopathologic examination? a. Fibrous-walled nodules, cross-sections of nematodes with hematoxylin and eosin stain b. Papillary adenocarcinoma with hematoxylin and eosin stain c. Trapezoidal inclusions in the bed blood cells with new methylene blue d. Acid fast bacilli with Ziehl–Neilson stain e. Saprophytic fungi with Gomori's methenamine silver stain

Answer 59

d. **Acid fast bacilli with Ziehl–Neilson stain** 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 – Biology and Diseases of Amphibians, p. 816 2) Hill et al. 2010. Diagnosis of Aeromonas hydrophila, Mycobacterium species, and Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in an African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). JAALAS 49(2):215–220. Domain 1; Secondary Species – African clawed frog (Xenopus spp.)

Question 60

168. When euthanizing rabbits with carbon dioxide, the optimal flow rate should displace at least what percent of the chamber volume per minute?

Answer 60

**20%** 1) Harkness JE, Turner PV, VandeWoude S, Wheler CL. 2010. Harkness and Wagner’s Biology and Medicine of Rabbits and Rodents, 5th ed. Wiley-Blackwell: Ames, IA. Chapter 3 – Clinical Procedures pp. 191-192. 2) American Veterinary Medical Association. 2007. AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia (Formerly Report of the AVMA Panel on Euthanasia), p. 8, (http://www.avma.org/issues/animal\_welfare/euthanasia.pdf) 3) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Euthanasia and Necropsy, p. 119 Domain 2; Primary Species - Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Question 61

169. What is the chromosome number in domestic sheep?

Answer 61

**54** Reference: Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 14 – Biology and Diseases of Ruminants: Sheep, Goats, and Cattle, p. 526 (Table 1). Domain 3; Secondary Species – Sheep (Ovis aries)

Question 62

170. Which of the following statements is most consistent regarding animal allergies? a. Urine of rats and mice is the main source of allergenic proteins that can enter the respiratory tract of laboratory animal care workers b. Allergies to laboratory animals are not a concern of an institutional health and safety program c. Saliva of rats and mice are the main source of allergenic proteins that can enter the respiratory tract of laboratory animal care workers d. Personal protective equipment should be the primary protective mechanism for allergies

Answer 62

a. **Urinary proteins are the main source of allergenic proteins in mice and rats** 1) National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th ed. National Academies Press, Washington D.C. Chapter 2 – Animal Care and Use Program, pp. 22-23 2) Glueck et al. 2012. Exposure of laboratory animal care workers to airborne mouse and rat allergens. JAALAS 51(5):554 -560 Domain 4

Question 63

171. Which type(s) of biosafety cabinets require an airflow smoke pattern field performance test for assessment of primary containment?

Answer 63

**Class I and II** Reference: U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and National Institutes of Health. 2007. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories. 5th ed. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. Appendix A – Primary Containment for Biohazards: Selection, Installation and Use of Biological Safety Cabinets, pp. 312-313. (http://www.cdc.gov/biosafety/publications/bmbl5/BMBL5\_appendixA.pdf) Domain 5

Question 64

172. The flank glands of Syrian hamsters are composed of which type(s) of glands?

Answer 64

**Sebaceous ** 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 5 – Biology and Diseases of Hamsters, p. 171. 2) Suckow MA, Stevens KA, Wilson RP, eds. 2012. The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 27 - Anatomy, Physiology, and Behavior, p. 753. 3) Percy DH and Barthold SW. 2007. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 3rd edition. Blackwell Publishing: Ames, Iowa. Chapter 3 – Hamster, p. 179 Domain 1; Secondary Species – Syrian Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus)

Question 65

173. Which of the following rat strains or stocks is a model of hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus? a. BB/Wor b. Bio 13.6 c. Brattleboro d. Brown Norway e. Buffalo

Answer 65

c. **Brattleboro** 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002 Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Biology and Diseases of Rats, p. 122. 2) Suckow MA, Weisbroth SH, Franklin CL, eds. 2006. The Laboratory Rat, 2nd edition. Elsevier Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 23 – Spontaneous, Surgically and Chemically Induced Models of Disease, pp. 715, 723. Domain 3; Primary Species – Rat (Rattus norvegicus)

Question 66

174. Which one of the following rodent bedding materials has been shown to contain the least amount of endotoxin? a. Corncob b. Corncob–paper mix c. Hardwood d. Paper

Answer 66

d. **Paper** Reference: Whiteside et al. 2010. Endotoxin, coliform, and dust levels in various types of rodent bedding. JAALAS 49(2):184–189. Domain 4; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus) and Rat (Rattus norvegicus)

Question 67

175. According to the Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, an Animal Welfare Assurance can be approved for a specified period of time no longer than how many years?

Answer 67

** 5 years** Reference: Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare. 2002. Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, p. 9. Domain 5

Question 68

176. Which of the following is a common spontaneous nonthymic tumor in SCID mice? a. Histiocytic sarcoma b. Hepatocellular carcinoma c. Pulmonary adenocarcinoma d. Salivary gland myoepithelioma

Answer 68

d. **Salivary gland myoepithelioma** 1) Huang et al. 2011. Spontaneous nonthymic tumors in SCID mice. Comp Med 61(3):227-234. 2) Percy DH and Barthold SW. 2007. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 3rd ed. Blackwell Publishing: Ames, Iowa. Chapter 1 – Mouse, pp. 116-120 Domain 1; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus)

Question 69

177. Which of the following is an NMDA antagonist? a. Propofol b. Pentobarbital c. Xylazine d. Ketamine e. Acepromazine

Answer 69

d. **Ketamine** Reference: Fish RE, Brown MJ, Danneman PJ, Karas AZ, eds. 2008. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 2 – Pharmacology of Injectable Anesthetics, Sedatives, and Tranquilizers, pp. 32, 38-39, 47, 51-52, 55. Domain 2

Question 70

178. Which of the following is an example of mating mice of two genetically distinct inbred strains, backcrossing their descendants to one of the parental strains for two generations, then initiating sister x brother inbreeding? a. B6.129P1-Lama2^dy/J b. CBcD1-2 c. BXD2-1 d. D2B6F1 e. C3H/N-dw

Answer 70

b. **CBcD1-2** 1) The Jackson Laboratory. 2009. The Jackson Laboratory Handbook on Genetically Standardized Mice. 6th edition. The Jackson Laboratory. Bar Harbor, ME. Chapter 3 - D.3. Recombinant congenic strain panels, p. 65. 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – Biology and Diseases of Mice, pp. 36-38. 3) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 1 – History, Wild Mice, and Genetics. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Breeding Systems: Considerations, Genetic Fundamentals, Genetic Background, and Strain Types, p 66-69. 1) International Committee on Standardized Genetic Nomenclature for Mice and Rat Genome and Nomenclature Committee. Guidelines for Nomenclature of Mouse and Rat Strains. October 2011. http://www.informatics.jax.org/mgihome/nomen/strains.shtml#rcs Domain 3; Primary Species - Mouse (Mus musculus)

Question 71

179. Which of the follow best describes the purpose of a biofilter? a. Remove algae b. Limit microorganisms c. Limit ammonia and nitrite accumulation d. Remove excessive dissolved gases e. Remove dissolved chemicals

Answer 71

c. **Limit ammonia and nitrite accumulation** 1) Institute for Laboratory Animal Resources. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. Chapter 3 – Environment, Housing and Management, p. 79. 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 19 – Biology and Management of Zebrafish, p. 869. 3) Gary Ostrander, Gillian R. Bullock, Tracie Bunton, eds. 2000. The Laboratory Fish. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 1 - Husbandry, p. 17. Domain 4

Question 72

180. According to the Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee must have at least which individuals as members?

Answer 72

**Veterinarian, a public member who is not affiliated with the institution, practicing scientist with experience in animal research and a nonscientist** 1) Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare. 2002. Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, p. 11 2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 2 – Laws, Regulations, and Policies Affecting the Use of Laboratory Animals, pp. 25-26. 3) Applied Research Ethics National Association (ARENA) and Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW). 2002. Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Guidebook. 2nd Edition. OLAW: Bethesda, MD. A.2. Authority, Composition and Functions, pp. 12-14. Domain 5

Question 73

181. Which of the following factors may be a useful indicator of individual predisposition to stereotypic behavior in female laboratory mice? a. Age at weaning b. Body weight at weaning c. Litter size d. None of these factors are useful indicators

Answer 73

c. Litter size Reference: Bechard et al. 2012. Litter size predicts adult stereotypic behavior in female laboratory mice. JAALAS. 51(4):407-411. Domain 1; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus)

Question 74

182. Which of the following are the most important predictors for mortality in aging mice and in infectious disease research and longevity studies? a. Decreased appetite and hypothermia b. Decreased appetite and hyperthermia c. Body weight loss and hypothermia d. Decreased activity and hypothermia e. Decreased appetite and body weight loss

Answer 74

c. Body weight loss and hypothermia 1) Trammell et al. 2012. Markers for heightened monitoring, imminent death, and euthanasia in aged inbred mice. Comp Med 62(3):172-178. 2) Trammell and Toth. 2011. Markers for predicting death as an outcome for mice used in infectious disease research. Comp Med (61)6:492–498. 3) Ray et al. 2010. Identification of markers for imminent death in mice used in longevity and aging research. JAALAS 49(3):282-288. Domain 3; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus)

Question 75

183. Which of the following is the _least likely_ cause of a positive tuberculin skin test result in a common marmoset? a. Early-stage infection with measles virus b. Prior Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination c. Prior exposure to Freund complete adjuvant d. Infection with nontuberculous mycobacteria e. Trauma during injection

Answer 75

a. Early-stage infection with measles virus 1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 16 – Nonhuman Primates, p. 740 2) Lerche et al. 2008. New approaches to tuberculosis surveillance in nonhuman primates. ILAR J 49(2):170-178. 3) Wachtman et al. 2011. Colonization with nontuberculous mycobacteria is associated with positive tuberculin skin test reactions in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Comp Med 61(3):278-284. Domain 4; Secondary Species – Marmoset/Tamarins (Callitrichidae)

Question 76

184. According to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and the Animal Welfare Act and its regulations, dog runs should be sanitized at least how often?

Answer 76

**Once every 2 weeks** 1) Animal Welfare Act, 9 CFR Part 3 – Standards, Subpart A – Specifications for the humane handling, care, treatment, and transportation of dogs and cats, §3.11 (b)(2) Cleaning, sanitization, housekeeping, and pest control (1-1-00 Edition, p. 52). 2) Institute for Laboratory Animal Resources. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. Chapter 3 - Environment, Housing and Management, pp. 70-72. Domain 5; Primary Species – Dog (Canis familiaris)

Question 77

185. Which of the following statements concerning ulcerative dermatitis in C57BL/6 mice is TRUE? a. Infections with Streptococcus sp. are often present in areas of ulceration b. Pruritis is not a factor in rapid progression of ulcerative dermatitis lesions c. Severe ulcerative dermatitis has been reported in mice lacking E and P selectins and inducible nitric oxide synthase d. Severe ulcerative dermatitis has been reported in mice overexpressing E and P selectins and inducible nitric oxide synthase e. Mild ulcerative dermatitis involves ulceration that only involves the epidermis and never the dermal layers

Answer 77

c. Severe ulcerative dermatitis has been reported in mice lacking E and P selectins and inducible nitric oxide synthase 1) Hampton et al. 2012. Progression of ulcerative dermatitis lesions in C57BL/6Crl mice and the development of a scoring system for dermatitis lesions. JAALAS 51(5):586-593. 2) Ezell et al 2012. Palatability and efficacy of various ibuprofen formulations in C57BL/6 mice with ulcerative dermatitis. JAALAS 51(5):609-615. Domain 1; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus)