GI disorders

Question 1

Low-fiber diets avoid foods that are high in..?

Answer 1

Residue content, such as whole-grain breads and cereals, raw fruits

Question 2

Low-fiber diets are used short term for:

Answer 2

Diarrhea
Acute diverticulitis
Malabsorption syndromes
Prep for bowel surgery

Question 3

Once a clients n/v sx subside, what should you begin with for diet?

Answer 3

Clear liquids, followed by full liquids, and advance as tolerated

Question 4

What kinds of foods are well tolerated for n/v?

Answer 4

Low-fat carb foods - crackers, toast, oatmeal, bland fruit

Question 5

What are some interventions for clients with n/v?

Answer 5

Avoid liquids with meals, serve foods at room temp or chilled, avoid high fat foods

Question 6

What should you do for anorexic pts?

Answer 6

Provide small frequent meals
Avoid high-fat foods
Provide liquid supplements between meals to improve protein and calorie intake

Question 7

How much fiber should women have per day?

Answer 7

25 g/day

Question 8

How much fiber should men have per day?

Answer 8

38 g/day

Question 9

Clients with dysphagia are at an increased risk for?

Answer 9

Aspiration

Question 10

Why should you provide oral care prior to eating for clients with dysphagia?

Answer 10

enhance sense of taste

Question 11

Occurs as a complication of gastric surgeries that inhibit the ability of the pyloric sphincter to control the movement of food into the sm intestine

Answer 11

Dumping syndrome

Question 12

Dumping results in:

Answer 12

Nausea
Distention
Cramping pains
Diarrhea
All within 15 min of eating!

Question 13

Interventions for dumping syndrome:

Answer 13

Sm, freq meals
Consumption of protein and fat at each meal
Avoid food that contains concentrated sugars
Restrict lactose intake
Consume liquids 1 hr before or after eating instead of during meals (dry diet)

Question 14

Interventions for GERD

Answer 14

Encourage weight loss
Avoid lg meals and bedtime snacks
Avoid trigger foods (citrus fruits and juices, spicy foods, carbonated beverages)
Avoid items that reduce lower esophageal sphincter pressure (fatty foods, caffeine, chocolate, alcohol, cigarette smoke, peppermint and spearmint flavors)

Question 15

Interventions for gastritis

Answer 15

Avoid eating freq meals and snacks

Avoid alcohol, cigarette smoking, aspirin and other NSAIDs, coffee, black pepper, spicy foods, and caffeine

Question 16

What may cause peptic ulcer disease?

Answer 16

Bacterial infection with helicobacter pylori or chronic use of NSAIDs

Question 17

Interventions/teaching for ilestomies and colostomies?

Answer 17

Advise client to consume diet high in fluids and soluble fiber
Avoid foods that cause gas (beans, eggs, carbonated beverages), stomal blockage (nuts, raw carrots, popcorn), foods that produce odor (eggs, fish, garlic)
Additional calories and protein are needed to promote healing of stoma site

Question 18

What may prevent diverticulitis?

Answer 18

Diet high in fiber

Question 19

What is prescribed during acute diverticulitis?

Answer 19

Low-fiber diet

Question 20

What kind of diets should people with inflammatory bowel disease eat?

Answer 20

Low-fiber to minimize bowel stimulation

Question 21

What should be limited for pts with cholecystitis?

Answer 21

Fat intake

Question 22

What are other foods that may cause issues with pts with cholecystitis?

Answer 22

Coffee
Broccoli
Cauliflower
Brussels sprouts
Cabbage
Onions
Legumes
Highly seasoned foods

Question 23

What is prescribed for pts with acute pancreatitis?

Answer 23

NPO and a NG tube to suction gastric contents

Question 24

Nutritional therapy for chronic pancreatitis includes what?

Answer 24

Low-fat, high-protein, and high-carb diet

May include providing supplements of Vitamin C and B-complex vitamins

Question 25

What needs are increased for liver disease?

Answer 25

Protein needs

Question 26

What kind of supplements may be necessary for liver disease?

Answer 26

Multivitamins (B, C, K) and mineral supplements