List-40

Question 1

alloy

Answer 1

• *vt. 使成合金；使减低成色
  n. 合金
  vi. 易于铸成合金
  n. (Alloy)人名；(英)阿洛伊
• ——————————————**

1. a mixture containing two or more metallic elements or metallic and nonmetallic elements usually fused together or dissolving into each other when molten
2. the state of impairing the quality or reducing the value of something
3. lower in value by increasing the base-metal content
4. make an alloy of

Question 2

altitude

Answer 2

• *n. 高地；高度；[数] 顶垂线；（等级和地位等的）高级
• ——————————————**

1. elevation especially above sea level or above the earth’s surface
2. the perpendicular distance from the base of a geometric figure to opposite vertex (or side if parallel)
3. angular distance above the horizon (especially of a celestial object)

Question 3

arrange

Answer 3

• *vt. 安排；排列；整理
  vi. 安排；排列；协商
• ——————————————**

1. put into a proper or systematic order
2. make arrangements for
3. plan, organize, and carry out (an event)
4. set (printed matter) into a specific format
5. arrange attractively

Question 4

backup

Answer 4

• *n. 支持；后援；阻塞
  adj. 支持的；候补的
  vt. 做备份
• ——————————————**

1. an accumulation caused by clogging or a stoppage
2. someone who takes the place of another (as when things get dangerous or difficult)
3. a subordinate musical part; provides background for more important parts
4. (computer science) a copy of a file or directory on a separate storage device
5. the act of providing approval and support

Question 5

blame

Answer 5

• *vt. 责备；归咎于
  n. 责备；责任；过失
• ——————————————**

1. an accusation that you are responsible for some lapse or misdeed
2. a reproach for some lapse or misdeed
3. put or pin the blame on
4. harass with constant criticism
5. attribute responsibility to

Question 6

blink

Answer 6

• *vt. 眨眼；使…闪烁
  vi. 眨眼；闪烁
  n. 眨眼；瞬间；闪光
  n. (Blink)人名；(德)布林克
• ——————————————**

1. a reflex that closes and opens the eyes rapidly
2. briefly shut the eyes
3. force to go away by blinking
4. gleam or glow intermittently

Question 7

blur

Answer 7

• *vt. 涂污；使…模糊不清；使暗淡；玷污
  vi. 沾上污迹；变模糊
  n. 污迹；模糊不清的事物
• ——————————————**

1. a hazy or indistinct representation
2. become glassy; lose clear vision
3. to make less distinct or clear
4. make unclear, indistinct, or blurred
5. make a smudge on; soil by smudging

Question 8

boulder

Answer 8

• *n. 卵石，大圆石；巨砾
• ——————————————**

1. a large smooth mass of rock detached from its place of origin
2. a town in north central Colorado; Rocky Mountains resort center and university town

Question 9

cancel

Answer 9

• *vt. 取消；删去
  vi. 取消；相互抵销
  n. 取消，撤销
  n. (Cancel)人名；(法)康塞尔
• ——————————————**

1. a notation cancelling a previous sharp or flat
2. postpone indefinitely or annul something that was scheduled
3. make up for
4. declare null and void; make ineffective
5. remove or make invisible

Question 10

cashier

Answer 10

• *n. 出纳员；司库；收银员
  vt. 解雇；抛弃
• ——————————————**

1. an employee of a bank who receives and pays out money
2. a person responsible for receiving payments for goods and services (as in a shop or restaurant)
3. discard or do away with
4. discharge with dishonor, as in the army

Question 11

centigrade

Answer 11

• *adj. 摄氏的；[仪] 摄氏温度的；百分度的
• ——————————————**

1. of or relating to a temperature scale on which the freezing point of water is 0 degrees and the boiling point of water is 100 degrees

Question 12

chip

Answer 12

• *vt. 削，凿；削成碎片
  vi. 剥落；碎裂
  n. [电子] 芯片；筹码；碎片；(食物的) 小片; 薄片
• ——————————————**

1. a small fragment of something broken off from the whole
2. a triangular wooden float attached to the end of a log line
3. a piece of dried bovine dung
4. a thin crisp slice of potato fried in deep fat
5. a mark left after a small piece has been chopped or broken off of something

Question 13

cipher

Answer 13

• *n. 密码；暗号；零
  vi. 使用密码；计算；做算术
  vt. 计算；做算术；将…译成密码
• ——————————————**

1. a message written in a secret code
2. a mathematical element that when added to another number yields the same number
3. a quantity of no importance
4. a person of no influence
5. a secret method of writing

Question 14

clear

Answer 14

• *adj. 清楚的；清澈的；晴朗的；无罪的
  vt. 通过；清除；使干净；跳过
  vi. 放晴；变清澈
  adv. 清晰地；完全地
  n. 清除；空隙
• ——————————————**

1. the state of being free of suspicion
2. a clear or unobstructed space or expanse of land or water
3. rid of obstructions
4. make a way or path by removing objects
5. become clear

Question 15

clump

Answer 15

• *n. 丛；笨重的脚步声；土块
  vi. 形成一丛；以沉重的步子行走
  vt. 使成一丛；使凝结成块
• ——————————————**

1. a grouping of a number of similar things
2. a compact mass
3. a heavy dull sound (as made by impact of heavy objects)
4. make or move along with a sound as of a horse’s hooves striking the ground
5. come together as in a cluster or flock

Question 16

concede

Answer 16

• *vt. 承认；退让；给予，容许
  vi. 让步
• ——————————————**

1. admit, make a clean breast of
2. be willing to concede
3. give over; surrender or relinquish to the physical control of another
4. acknowledge defeat

Question 17

conservationist

Answer 17

• *n. 自然资源保护论者
• ——————————————**

1. someone who works to protect the environment from destruction or pollution

Question 18

conservative

Answer 18

• *adj. 保守的
  n. 保守派，守旧者
• ——————————————**

1. a person who has conservative ideas or opinions
2. resistant to change
3. opposed to liberal reforms
4. avoiding excess
5. unimaginatively conventional

Question 19

context

Answer 19

• *n. 环境；上下文；来龙去脉
• ——————————————**

1. discourse that surrounds a language unit and helps to determine its interpretation
2. the set of facts or circumstances that surround a situation or event

Question 20

crack

Answer 20

• *vt. 使破裂；打开；变声
  vi. 破裂；爆裂
  n. 裂缝；声变；噼啪声
  adj. 最好的；高明的
• ——————————————**

1. a long narrow opening
2. a narrow opening
3. a long narrow depression in a surface
4. a sudden sharp noise
5. a chance to do something

Question 21

culture

Answer 21

• *n. 文化，文明；修养；栽培
  vt. [细胞][微] 培养（等于cultivate）
• ——————————————**

1. a particular society at a particular time and place
2. the tastes in art and manners that are favored by a social group
3. all the knowledge and values shared by a society
4. (biology) the growing of microorganisms in a nutrient medium (such as gelatin or agar)
5. a highly developed state of perfection; having a flawless or impeccable quality

Question 22

deform

Answer 22

• *vt. 使变形；使成畸形
  vi. 变形；变畸形
  adj. 畸形的；丑陋的
• ——————————————**

1. make formless
2. twist and press out of shape
3. cause (a plastic object) to assume a crooked or angular form
4. become misshapen
5. alter the shape of (something) by stress

Question 23

degree

Answer 23

• *n. 程度，等级；度；学位；阶层
• ——————————————**

1. a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality
2. a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process
3. an award conferred by a college or university signifying that the recipient has satisfactorily completed a course of study
4. a unit of temperature on a specified scale
5. a measure for arcs and angles

Question 24

distribution

Answer 24

• *n. 分布；分配
• ——————————————**

1. (statistics) an arrangement of values of a variable showing their observed or theoretical frequency of occurrence
2. the spatial property of being scattered about over an area or volume
3. the act of distributing or spreading or apportioning
4. the commercial activity of transporting and selling goods from a producer to a consumer

Question 25

disturb

Answer 25

• *vt. 打扰；妨碍；使不安；弄乱；使恼怒
  vi. 打扰；妨碍
• ——————————————**

1. move deeply
2. change the arrangement or position of
3. tamper with
4. destroy the peace or tranquility of
5. damage as if by shaking or jarring

Question 26

drought

Answer 26

• *n. 干旱；缺乏
  n. (Drought)人名；(英)德劳特
• ——————————————**

1. a shortage of rainfall
2. a prolonged shortage

Question 27

economic

Answer 27

• *adj. 经济的，经济上的；经济学的
• ——————————————**

1. of or relating to an economy, the system of production and management of material wealth
2. of or relating to the science of economics
3. concerned with worldly necessities of life (especially money)
4. financially rewarding
5. using the minimum of time or resources necessary for effectiveness

Question 28

ecosystem

Answer 28

• *n. 生态系统
• ——————————————**

1. a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment

Question 29

engineering

Answer 29

• *n. 工程，工程学
  v. 设计；管理（engineer的ing形式）；建造
• ——————————————**

1. the practical application of science to commerce or industry
2. the discipline dealing with the art or science of applying scientific knowledge to practical problems
3. a room (as on a ship) in which the engine is located

Question 30

entail

Answer 30

• *vt. 使需要，必需；承担；遗传给；蕴含
  n. 引起；需要；继承
• ——————————————**

1. land received by fee tail
2. the act of entailing property; the creation of a fee tail from a fee simple
3. have as a logical consequence
4. impose, involve, or imply as a necessary accompaniment or result
5. limit the inheritance of property to a specific class of heirs

Question 31

essential

Answer 31

• *adj. 基本的；必要的；本质的；精华的
  n. 本质；要素；要点；必需品
• ——————————————**

1. anything indispensable
2. absolutely necessary; vitally necessary
3. basic and fundamental
4. of the greatest importance
5. being or relating to or containing the essence of a plant etc

Question 32

evaluate

Answer 32

• *vt. 评价；估价；求…的值
  vi. 评价；估价
• ——————————————**

1. place a value on; judge the worth of something
2. form a critical opinion of

Question 33

evaporate

Answer 33

• *vt. 使……蒸发；使……脱水；使……消失
  vi. 蒸发，挥发；消失，失踪
• ——————————————**

1. lose or cause to lose liquid by vaporization leaving a more concentrated residue
2. cause to change into a vapor
3. change into a vapor

Question 34

exert

Answer 34

• *vt. 运用，发挥；施以影响
• ——————————————**

1. put to use
2. have and exercise
3. make a great effort at a mental or physical task

Question 35

explode

Answer 35

• *vi. 爆炸，爆发；激增
  vt. 使爆炸；爆炸；推翻
• ——————————————**

1. cause to burst with a violent release of energy
2. burst outward, usually with noise
3. show a violent emotional reaction
4. be unleashed; emerge with violence or noise
5. destroy by exploding

Question 36

extravagant

Answer 36

• *adj. 奢侈的；浪费的；过度的；放纵的
• ——————————————**

1. unrestrained, especially with regard to feelings
2. recklessly wasteful

Question 37

facet

Answer 37

• *n. 面；方面；小平面
  vt. 在…上琢面
• ——————————————**

1. a distinct feature or element in a problem
2. a smooth surface (as of a bone or cut gemstone)

Question 38

falcon

Answer 38

• *n. [鸟] 猎鹰；[鸟] 隼
  n. (Falcon)人名；(法、意、西、葡、罗、瑞典)法尔孔；(英)福尔肯
• ——————————————**

1. diurnal birds of prey having long pointed powerful wings adapted for swift flight
2. hunt with falcons

Question 39

fiction

Answer 39

• *n. 小说；虚构，编造；谎言
• ——————————————**

1. a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact
2. a deliberately false or improbable account

Question 40

fray

Answer 40

• *n. 争论；打架；磨损处
  vt. 使磨损；变得令人紧张、急躁
  vi. 被磨损
  n. (Fray)人名；(法)弗雷；(德)弗赖；(匈)弗劳伊
• ——————————————**

1. a noisy fight
2. wear away by rubbing
3. cause friction

Question 41

fuse

Answer 41

• *vi. 融合；熔化，熔融
  vt. 使融合；使熔化，使熔融
  n. 保险丝，熔线；导火线，雷管
  n. (Fuse)人名；(意)富塞；(法)菲斯
• ——————————————**

1. an electrical device that can interrupt the flow of electrical current when it is overloaded
2. any igniter that is used to initiate the burning of a propellant
3. mix together different elements
4. become plastic or fluid or liquefied from heat
5. equip with a fuse; provide with a fuse

Question 42

image

Answer 42

• *n. 影像；想象；肖像；偶像
  vt. 想象；反映；象征；作…的像
  n. (Image)人名；(法)伊马热
• ——————————————**

1. an iconic mental representation
2. a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface
3. (Jungian psychology) a personal facade that one presents to the world
4. a standard or typical example
5. language used in a figurative or nonliteral sense

Question 43

incredible

Answer 43

• *adj. 难以置信的，惊人的
• ——————————————**

1. beyond belief or understanding

Question 44

insert

Answer 44

• *vt. 插入；嵌入
  n. 插入物
• ——————————————**

1. a folded section placed between the leaves of another publication
2. an artifact that is inserted or is to be inserted
3. (broadcasting) a local announcement inserted into a network program
4. (film) a still picture that is introduced and that interrupts the action of a film
5. put or introduce into something

Question 45

instead

Answer 45

• *adv. 代替；反而
• ——————————————**

1. in place of, or as an alternative to
2. on the contrary

Question 46

instrumental

Answer 46

• *adj. 乐器的；有帮助的；仪器的，器械的
  n. 器乐曲；工具字，工具格
• ——————————————**

1. relating to or designed for or performed on musical instruments
2. serving or acting as a means or aid

Question 47

interrupt

Answer 47

• *vt. 中断；打断；插嘴；妨碍
  vi. 打断；打扰
  n. 中断
• ——————————————**

1. a signal that temporarily stops the execution of a program so that another procedure can be carried out
2. make a break in
3. destroy the peace or tranquility of
4. interfere in someone else’s activity
5. terminate

Question 48

isolate

Answer 48

• *vt. 使隔离；使孤立；使绝缘
  n. [生物] 隔离种群
  vi. 隔离；孤立
  adj. 隔离的；孤立的
• ——————————————**

1. place or set apart
2. obtain in pure form
3. set apart from others
4. separate (experiences) from the emotions relating to them

Question 49

landscape

Answer 49

• *n. 风景；风景画；景色；山水画；乡村风景画；地形
  vt. 对…做景观美化，给…做园林美化；从事庭园设计
  vi. 美化（环境等），使景色宜人；从事景观美化工作，做庭园设计师
• ——————————————**

1. an expanse of scenery that can be seen in a single view
2. painting depicting an expanse of natural scenery
3. a genre of art dealing with the depiction of natural scenery
4. an extensive mental viewpoint
5. embellish with plants

Question 50

larynx

Answer 50

• *n. [解剖] 喉；喉头
• ——————————————**

1. a cartilaginous structure at the top of the trachea; contains elastic vocal cords that are the source of the vocal tone in speech

Question 51

lobby

Answer 51

• *n. 大厅；休息室；会客室；游说议员的团体
  vt. 对……进行游说
  vi. 游说议员
• ——————————————**

1. a large entrance or reception room or area
2. the people who support some common cause or business or principle or sectional interest
3. a group of people who try actively to influence legislation
4. detain in conversation by or as if by holding on to the outer garments of; as for political or economic favors

Question 52

mechanical

Answer 52

• *adj. 机械的；力学的；呆板的；无意识的；手工操作的
• ——————————————**

1. using (or as if using) mechanisms or tools or devices
2. relating to or concerned with machinery or tools
3. relating to or governed by or in accordance with mechanics

Question 53

mercantile

Answer 53

• *adj. 商业的；商人的；重商主义的
  n. 商品
• ——————————————**

1. of or relating to the economic system of mercantilism
2. profit oriented
3. relating to or characteristic of trade or traders

Question 54

mercury

Answer 54

n. [化]汞，水银
[天]水星
温度表
精神，元气
——————————————-

1. a heavy silvery toxic univalent and bivalent metallic element; the only metal that is liquid at ordinary temperatures
2. (Roman mythology) messenger of Jupiter and god of commerce; counterpart of Greek Hermes
3. the smallest planet and the nearest to the sun
4. temperature measured by a mercury thermometer

Question 55

opal

Answer 55

• *n. 猫眼石，蛋白石；乳白玻璃
  n. (Opal)人名；(英)奥珀尔；(土、法)奥帕尔
• ——————————————**

1. a translucent mineral consisting of hydrated silica of variable color; some varieties are used as gemstones

Question 56

originate

Answer 56

• *vt. 引起；创作
  vi. 发源；发生；起航
• ——————————————**

1. come into existence; take on form or shape
2. bring into being
3. begin a trip at a certain point, as of a plane, train, bus, etc.

Question 57

patent

Answer 57

• *vt. 授予专利；取得…的专利权
  adj. 专利的；新奇的；显然的
  n. 专利权；执照；专利品
• ——————————————**

1. a document granting an inventor sole rights to an invention
2. an official document granting a right or privilege
3. obtain a patent for
4. grant rights to; grant a patent for
5. make open to sight or notice

Question 58

peak

Answer 58

• *n. 山峰；最高点；顶点；帽舌
  vt. 使达到最高点；使竖起
  vi. 消瘦；到达最高点；变憔悴
  adj. 最高的；最大值的
  n. (Peak)人名；(英)皮克
• ——————————————**

1. the most extreme possible amount or value
2. the period of greatest prosperity or productivity
3. the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development
4. the top point of a mountain or hill
5. a V shape

Question 59

pertain

Answer 59

• *vi. 属于；关于；适合
• ——————————————**

1. have to do with or be relevant to
2. be a part or attribute of

Question 60

plank

Answer 60

• *n. [木] 厚木板；支架；政纲条款
  vt. 在…上铺板；撂下；立刻付款
  n. (Plank)人名；(英、俄、芬、德)普兰克
• ——————————————**

1. a stout length of sawn timber; made in a wide variety of sizes and used for many purposes
2. an endorsed policy in the platform of a political party
3. cover with planks
4. set (something or oneself) down with or as if with a noise
5. cook and serve on a plank

Question 61

plankton

Answer 61

• *n. 浮游生物（总称）
• ——————————————**

1. the aggregate of small plant and animal organisms that float or drift in great numbers in fresh or salt water

Question 62

plate

Answer 62

• *n. 碟；金属板；金属牌；感光底片
  vt. 电镀；给…装甲
  n. (Plate)人名；(英、德、俄、西、意、瑞典)普拉特
• ——————————————**

1. a sheet of metal or wood or glass or plastic
2. (baseball) base consisting of a rubber slab where the batter stands; it must be touched by a base runner in order to score
3. a full-page illustration (usually on slick paper)
4. dish on which food is served or from which food is eaten
5. the quantity contained in a plate

Question 63

polar

Answer 63

• *adj. 极地的；两极的；正好相反的
  n. 极面；极线
  n. (Polar)人名；(德、西)波拉尔
• ——————————————**

1. having a pair of equal and opposite charges
2. characterized by opposite extremes; completely opposed
3. located at or near or coming from the earth’s poles
4. of or existing at or near a geographical pole or within the Arctic or Antarctic Circles
5. extremely cold

Question 64

pollutant

Answer 64

• *n. 污染物
• ——————————————**

1. waste matter that contaminates the water or air or soil

Question 65

procedure

Answer 65

• *n. 程序，手续；步骤
• ——————————————**

1. a particular course of action intended to achieve a result
2. a process or series of acts especially of a practical or mechanical nature involved in a particular form of work
3. a set sequence of steps, part of larger computer program
4. a mode of conducting legal and parliamentary proceedings

Question 66

profession

Answer 66

• *n. 职业，专业；声明，宣布，表白
• ——————————————**

1. the body of people in a learned occupation
2. an occupation requiring special education (especially in the liberal arts or sciences)
3. an open avowal (true or false) of some belief or opinion
4. affirmation of acceptance of some religion or faith

Question 67

pupil

Answer 67

• *n. 学生；[解剖] 瞳孔；未成年人
• ——————————————**

1. a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution
2. contractile aperture in the iris of the eye
3. a young person attending school (up through senior high school)

Question 68

reef

Answer 68

• *n. 暗礁；[地质] 矿脉；收帆
  vt. 收帆；缩帆
  vi. 缩帆；收帆
• ——————————————**

1. a submerged ridge of rock or coral near the surface of the water
2. a rocky region in the southern Transvaal in northeastern South Africa; contains rich gold deposits and coal and manganese
3. lower and bring partially inboard
4. roll up (a portion of a sail) in order to reduce its area
5. reduce (a sail) by taking in a reef

Question 69

respective

Answer 69

• *adj. 分别的，各自的
• ——————————————**

1. considered individually

Question 70

rush

Answer 70

• *n. 冲进；匆促；急流；灯心草
  adj. 急需的
  vt. 使冲；突袭；匆忙地做；飞跃
  vi. 冲；奔；闯；赶紧；涌现
  n. (Rush)人名；(英)拉什
• ——————————————**

1. the act of moving hurriedly and in a careless manner
2. a sudden forceful flow
3. grasslike plants growing in wet places and having cylindrical often hollow stems
4. physician and American Revolutionary leader; signer of the Declaration of Independence (1745-1813)
5. the swift release of a store of affective force

Question 71

scratch

Answer 71

• *n. 擦伤；抓痕；刮擦声；乱写
  adj. 打草稿用的；凑合的；碰巧的
  vt. 抓；刮；挖出；乱涂
  vi. 抓；搔；发刮擦声；勉强糊口；退出比赛
• ——————————————**

1. an abraded area where the skin is torn or worn off
2. a depression scratched or carved into a surface
3. informal terms for money
4. dry mash for poultry
5. a harsh noise made by scraping

Question 72

shrivel

Answer 72

• *vi. 枯萎；皱缩
  vt. 使枯萎；使皱缩；使束手无策
• ——————————————**

1. wither, as with a loss of moisture
2. decrease in size, range, or extent

Question 73

sinuous

Answer 73

• *adj. 蜿蜒的；弯曲的；迂回的
• ——————————————**

1. curved or curving in and out

Question 74

stack

Answer 74

• *n. 堆；堆叠
  vt. 使堆叠；把…堆积起来
  vi. 堆积，堆叠
  n. (Stack)人名；(英)斯塔克；(德)施塔克
• ——————————————**

1. an orderly pile
2. (often followed by `of’) a large number or amount or extent
3. a list in which the next item to be removed is the item most recently stored (LIFO)
4. a large tall chimney through which combustion gases and smoke can be evacuated
5. a storage device that handles data so that the next item to be retrieved is the item most recently stored (LIFO)

Question 75

stew

Answer 75

• *vt. 炖，炖汤；焖；忧虑；受闷热
  n. 炖，炖汤；烦恼；闷热；鱼塘
  vi. 炖，炖汤；焖；受闷热；忧虑
  n. (Stew)人名；(英)斯图
• ——————————————**

1. agitation resulting from active worry
2. food prepared by stewing especially meat or fish with vegetables
3. be in a huff; be silent or sullen
4. bear a grudge; harbor ill feelings
5. cook slowly and for a long time in liquid

Question 76

subtract

Answer 76

• *vt. 减去；扣掉
• ——————————————**

1. make a subtraction

Question 77

supply

Answer 77

• *n. 供给，补给；供应品
  vt. 供给，提供；补充
  vi. 供给；替代
• ——————————————**

1. an amount of something available for use
2. offering goods and services for sale
3. the activity of supplying or providing something
4. provide or furnish with
5. circulate or distribute or equip with

Question 78

survive

Answer 78

• *vt. 幸存；生还；幸免于；比…活得长
  vi. 幸存；活下来
• ——————————————**

1. continue to live; endure or last
2. continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)
3. support oneself
4. live longer than

Question 79

willful

Answer 79

• *adj. 有意的；任性的；故意的
• ——————————————**

1. done by design
2. habitually disposed to disobedience and opposition

Question 80

wreck

Answer 80

• *n. 破坏；失事；残骸；失去健康的人
  vt. 破坏；使失事；拆毁
  vi. 失事；营救失事船只
• ——————————————**

1. something or someone that has suffered ruin or dilapidation
2. an accident that destroys a ship at sea
3. a serious accident (usually involving one or more vehicles)
4. a ship that has been destroyed at sea
5. smash or break forcefully