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TOEFL-45 > List-18 > Flashcards

List-18 Flashcards

1
Q

accessible

A
  • *adj. 易接近的；可进入的；可理解的
  • ——————————————**
  1. capable of being reached
  2. capable of being read with comprehension
  3. easily obtained
  4. easy to get along with or talk to; friendly
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2
Q

accumulate

A
  • *vi. 累积；积聚
    vt. 积攒
  • ——————————————**
  1. get or gather together
  2. collect or gather
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3
Q

adjacent

A
  • *adj. 邻近的，毗连的
  • ——————————————**
  1. nearest in space or position; immediately adjoining without intervening space
  2. having a common boundary or edge; touching
  3. near or close to but not necessarily touching
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4
Q

applicant

A
  • *n. 申请人，申请者；请求者
  • ——————————————**
  1. a person who requests or seeks something such as assistance or employment or admission
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5
Q

aquatic

A
  • *adj. 水生的；水栖的；在水中或水面进行的
    n. 水上运动；水生植物或动物
    n. (Aquatic)人名；(法)阿卡蒂克
  • ——————————————**
  1. a plant that lives in or on water
  2. relating to or consisting of or being in water
  3. operating or living or growing in water
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6
Q

asteroid

A
  • *n. [天] 小行星；[无脊椎] 海盘车；小游星
    adj. 星状的
  • ——————————————**
  1. any of numerous small celestial bodies composed of rock and metal that move around the sun (mainly between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter)
  2. shaped like a star
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7
Q

chronical

A
  • *adj. 慢性的；延续很长的
  • ——————————————**
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8
Q

clam

A
  • *vi. 捞蛤；保持沉默，闭嘴不言
    n. 蛤；沉默寡言的人；钳子
    n. (Clam)人名；(德、西)克拉姆；(法)克朗
  • ——————————————**
  1. burrowing marine mollusk living on sand or mud; the shell closes with viselike firmness
  2. a piece of paper money worth one dollar
  3. flesh of either hard-shell or soft-shell clams
  4. gather clams, by digging in the sand by the ocean
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9
Q

complicated

A
  • *adj. 难懂的，复杂的
  • ——————————————**
  1. difficult to analyze or understand
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10
Q

compound

A
  • *vt. 合成；混合；和解妥协；搀合
    vi. 和解；妥协
    n. [化学] 化合物；混合物；复合词
    adj. 复合的；混合的
  • ——————————————**
  1. (chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight
  2. a whole formed by a union of two or more elements or parts
  3. an enclosure of residences and other building (especially in the Orient)
  4. make more intense, stronger, or more marked
  5. put or add together
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11
Q

considerable

A
  • *adj. 相当大的；重要的，值得考虑的
  • ——————————————**
  1. large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree
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12
Q

consistent

A
  • *adj. 始终如一的，一致的；坚持的
  • ——————————————**
  1. (sometimes followed by `with’) in agreement or consistent or reliable
  2. capable of being reproduced
  3. marked by an orderly, logical, and aesthetically consistent relation of parts
  4. the same throughout in structure or composition
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13
Q

constituent

A
  • *n. 成分；选民；委托人
    adj. 构成的；选举的
  • ——————————————**
  1. an artifact that is one of the individual parts of which a composite entity is made up; especially a part that can be separated from or attached to a system
  2. a member of a constituency; a citizen who is represented in a government by officials for whom he or she votes
  3. (grammar) a word or phrase or clause forming part of a larger grammatical construction
  4. an abstract part of something
  5. constitutional in the structure of something (especially your physical makeup)
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14
Q

curve

A
  • *n. 曲线；弯曲；曲线球；曲线图表
    vt. 弯；使弯曲
    vi. 成曲形
    adj. 弯曲的；曲线形的
  • ——————————————**
  1. the trace of a point whose direction of motion changes
  2. a line on a graph representing data
  3. a pitch of a baseball that is thrown with spin so that its path curves as it approach the batter
  4. the property possessed by the curving of a line or surface
  5. curved segment (of a road or river or railroad track etc.)
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15
Q

dazzling

A
  • *adj. 耀眼的；眼花缭乱的
    v. 使…眼花（dazzle的ing形式）
  • ——————————————**
  1. amazingly impressive; suggestive of the flashing of lightning
  2. shining intensely
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16
Q

decadent

A
  • *adj. 颓废的；衰微的
    n. 颓废者
  • ——————————————**
  1. a person who has fallen into a decadent state (morally or artistically)
  2. marked by excessive self-indulgence and moral decay
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17
Q

discrete

A
  • *adj. 离散的，不连续的
    n. 分立元件；独立部件
  • ——————————————**
  1. constituting a separate entity or part
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18
Q

displace

A
  • *vt. 取代；置换；转移；把…免职；排水
  • ——————————————**
  1. take the place of
  2. force to move
  3. move (people) forcibly from their homeland into a new and foreign environment
  4. take the place of or have precedence over
  5. cause to move, both in a concrete and in an abstract sense
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19
Q

drift

A
  • *n. 漂流，漂移；趋势；漂流物
    vi. 漂流，漂移；漂泊
    vt. 使…漂流；使…受风吹积
  • ——————————————**
  1. a force that moves something along
  2. the gradual departure from an intended course due to external influences (as a ship or plane)
  3. a process of linguistic change over a period of time
  4. something that is heaped up by the wind or by water currents
  5. a general tendency to change (as of opinion)
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20
Q

executive

A
  • *adj. 行政的；经营的；执行的，经营管理的
    n. 总经理；执行委员会；执行者；经理主管人员
  • ——————————————**
  1. a person responsible for the administration of a business
  2. persons who administer the law
  3. someone who manages a government agency or department
  4. having the function of carrying out plans or orders etc.
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21
Q

extol

A
  • *vt. 颂扬；赞美；赞颂
  • ——————————————**
  1. praise, glorify, or honor
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22
Q

extrinsic

A
  • *adj. 外在的；外来的；非固有的
  • ——————————————**
  1. not forming an essential part of a thing or arising or originating from the outside
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23
Q

flash

A
  • *vt. 使闪光；反射
    n. 闪光，闪现；一瞬间
    vi. 闪光，闪现；反射
    adj. 闪光的，火速的
    n. (Flash)人名；(西)弗拉什
  • ——————————————**
  1. a sudden intense burst of radiant energy
  2. a momentary brightness
  3. a short vivid experience
  4. a sudden brilliant understanding
  5. a very short time (as the time it takes the eye blink or the heart to beat)
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24
Q

formulate

A
  • *vt. 规划；用公式表示；明确地表达
  • ——————————————**
  1. elaborate, as of theories and hypotheses
  2. come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort
  3. put into words or an expression
  4. prepare according to a formula
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25
Q

fragment

A
  • *n. 碎片；片断或不完整部分
    vt. 使成碎片
    vi. 破碎或裂开
  • ——————————————**
  1. a piece broken off or cut off of something else
  2. a broken piece of a brittle artifact
  3. an incomplete piece
  4. break or cause to break into pieces
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26
Q

frank

A
  • *adj. 坦白的，直率的；老实的
    n. 免费邮寄特权
    vt. 免费邮寄
  • ——————————————**
  1. a member of the ancient Germanic peoples who spread from the Rhine into the Roman Empire in the 4th century
  2. a smooth-textured sausage of minced beef or pork usually smoked; often served on a bread roll
  3. stamp with a postmark to indicate date and time of mailing
  4. exempt by means of an official pass or letter, as from customs or other checks
  5. characterized by directness in manner or speech; without subtlety or evasion
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27
Q

gear

A
  • *n. 齿轮；装置，工具；传动装置
    vi. 适合；搭上齿轮；开始工作
    vt. 开动；搭上齿轮；使……适合；使……准备好
    adj. 好极了
    n. (Gear)人名；(英)吉尔
  • ——————————————**
  1. a toothed wheel that engages another toothed mechanism in order to change the speed or direction of transmitted motion
  2. wheelwork consisting of a connected set of rotating gears by which force is transmitted or motion or torque is changed
  3. a mechanism for transmitting motion for some specific purpose (as the steering gear of a vehicle)
  4. equipment consisting of miscellaneous articles needed for a particular operation or sport etc.
  5. set the level or character of
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28
Q

gibe

A
  • *vt. 嘲笑；愚弄
    vi. 嘲笑；嘲弄
    n. 嘲讽话
  • ——————————————**
  1. an aggressive remark directed at a person like a missile and intended to have a telling effect
  2. be compatible, similar or consistent; coincide in their characteristics
  3. laugh at with contempt and derision
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29
Q

glean

A
  • *vt. 收集（资料）；拾（落穗）
    vi. 收集；拾落穗
  • ——————————————**
  1. gather, as of natural products
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30
Q

gourmet

A

n. 美食家
菜肴精美的
——————————————-

  1. a person devoted to refined sensuous enjoyment (especially good food and drink)
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31
Q

graphic

A
  • *adj. 形象的；图表的；绘画似的
  • ——————————————**
  1. an image that is generated by a computer
  2. written or drawn or engraved
  3. describing nudity or sexual activity in graphic detail
  4. of or relating to the graphic arts
  5. relating to or presented by a graph
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32
Q

habit

A
  • *n. 习惯，习性；嗜好
    vt. 使穿衣
  • ——————————————**
  1. an established custom
  2. a pattern of behavior acquired through frequent repetition
  3. a distinctive attire (as the costume of a religious order)
  4. excessive use of drugs
  5. put a habit on
33
Q

herb

A
  • *n. 香草，药草
    n. (Herb)人名；(德、英、瑞典)赫布
  • ——————————————**
  1. a plant lacking a permanent woody stem; many are flowering garden plants or potherbs; some having medicinal properties; some are pests
  2. aromatic potherb used in cookery for its savory qualities
34
Q

hive

A
  • *vi. 群居；入蜂房；生活在蜂房中
    n. 蜂房，蜂巢；热闹的场所；熙攘喧闹的人群
    vt. 入蜂箱；贮备
  • ——————————————**
  1. a teeming multitude
  2. a man-made receptacle that houses a swarm of bees
  3. a structure that provides a natural habitation for bees; as in a hollow tree
  4. store, like bees
  5. move together in a hive or as if in a hive
35
Q

hydrogen

A
  • *n. [化学] 氢
  • ——————————————**
  1. a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas; the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe
36
Q

identical

A
  • *adj. 同一的；完全相同的
    n. 完全相同的事物
  • ——————————————**
  1. exactly alike; incapable of being perceived as different
  2. being the exact same one; not any other:
  3. (of twins) derived from a single egg or ovum
  4. having properties with uniform values along all axes
  5. coinciding exactly when superimposed
37
Q

ignore

A
  • *vt. 驳回诉讼；忽视；不理睬
  • ——————————————**
  1. refuse to acknowledge
  2. bar from attention or consideration
  3. fail to notice
  4. give little or no attention to
  5. be ignorant of or in the dark about
38
Q

insight

A
  • *n. 洞察力；洞悉
    n. (Insight)人名；(英)因赛特
  • ——————————————**
  1. clear or deep perception of a situation
  2. a feeling of understanding
  3. the clear (and often sudden) understanding of a complex situation
  4. grasping the inner nature of things intuitively
39
Q

insistence

A
  • *n. 坚持，强调；坚决主张
  • ——————————————**
  1. continual and persistent demands
  2. the state of demanding notice or attention
  3. the act of insisting on something
40
Q

intimate

A
  • *adj. 亲密的；私人的；精通的；有性关系的
    n. 知己；至交
    vt. 暗示；通知；宣布
  • ——————————————**
  1. someone to whom private matters are confided
  2. give to understand
  3. imply as a possibility
  4. marked by close acquaintance, association, or familiarity
  5. having or fostering a warm or friendly and informal atmosphere
41
Q

ledge

A
  • *n. 壁架；突出之部份；暗礁；矿层
  • ——————————————**
  1. a projecting ridge on a mountain or submerged under water
42
Q

leisure

A
  • *n. 闲暇；空闲；安逸
    adj. 空闲的；有闲的；业余的
    n. (Leisure)人名；(英)莱热
  • ——————————————**
  1. time available for ease and relaxation
  2. freedom to choose a pastime or enjoyable activity
43
Q

lore

A
  • *n. 知识；学问；全部传说；（动物的）眼光知识
    n. (Lore)人名；(意)洛雷；(英)洛尔
  • ——————————————**
  1. knowledge gained through tradition or anecdote
44
Q

magma

A
  • *n. [地质] 岩浆；糊剂
    n. (Magma)人名；(英)马格马
  • ——————————————**
  1. molten rock in the earth’s crust
45
Q

malnutrition

A
  • *n. 营养失调，营养不良
  • ——————————————**
  1. a state of poor nutrition; can result from insufficient or excessive or unbalanced diet or from inability to absorb foods
46
Q

manipulate

A
  • *vt. 操纵；操作；巧妙地处理；篡改
  • ——————————————**
  1. influence or control shrewdly or deviously
  2. hold something in one’s hands and move it
  3. fake or falsify
  4. manipulate in a fraudulent manner
  5. control (others or oneself) or influence skillfully, usually to one’s advantage
47
Q

massive

A
  • *adj. 大量的；巨大的，厚重的；魁伟的
  • ——————————————**
  1. imposing in size or bulk or solidity
  2. being the same substance throughout
  3. imposing in scale or scope or degree or power
  4. consisting of great mass; containing a great quantity of matter
48
Q

mess

A
  • *n. 混乱；食堂，伙食团；困境；脏乱的东西
    vt. 弄乱，弄脏；毁坏；使就餐
    vi. 把事情弄糟；制造脏乱；玩弄
    n. (Mess)人名；(德、罗)梅斯
  • ——————————————**
  1. a state of confusion and disorderliness
  2. informal terms for a difficult situation
  3. soft semiliquid food
  4. a meal eaten in a mess hall by service personnel
  5. a (large) military dining room where service personnel eat or relax
49
Q

mountainous

A
  • *adj. 多山的；巨大的；山一般的
  • ——————————————**
  1. having hills and crags
  2. like a mountain in size and impressiveness
  3. containing many mountains
50
Q

neon

A
  • *n. 霓虹灯；氖（10号元素，符号Ne）
    n. (Neon)人名；(德)内翁；(俄)涅翁
  • ——————————————**
  1. a colorless odorless gaseous element that give a red glow in a vacuum tube; one of the six inert gasses; occurs in the air in small amounts
51
Q

path

A
  • *n. 道路；小路；轨道
  • ——————————————**
  1. a course of conduct
  2. a way especially designed for a particular use
  3. an established line of travel or access
  4. a line or route along which something travels or moves
52
Q

plantation

A
  • *n. 栽植；殖民；大农场
    adj. 适用于种植园或热带、亚热带国家的
  • ——————————————**
  1. an estate where cash crops are grown on a large scale (especially in tropical areas)
  2. a newly established colony (especially in the colonization of North America)
  3. garden consisting of a small cultivated wood without undergrowth
53
Q

plastic

A
  • *adj. 塑料的；（外科）造型的；可塑的
    n. 塑料制品；整形；可塑体
  • ——————————————**
  1. generic name for certain synthetic or semisynthetic materials that can be molded or extruded into objects or films or filaments or used for making e.g. coatings and adhesives
  2. capable of being molded or modeled (especially of earth or clay or other soft material)
  3. capable of being influenced or formed
  4. forming or capable of forming or molding or fashioning
54
Q

pocketbook

A
  • *n. 钱包；笔记本；经济来源；皮夹
  • ——————————————**
  1. your personal financial means
  2. a pocket-size case for holding papers and paper money
  3. pocket-sized paperback book
  4. a container used for carrying money and small personal items or accessories (especially by women)
55
Q

portray

A
  • *vt. 描绘；扮演
  • ——————————————**
  1. portray in words
  2. make a portrait of
  3. assume or act the character of
  4. represent in a painting, drawing, sculpture, or verbally
56
Q

presentation

A
  • *n. 展示；描述，陈述；介绍；赠送
  • ——————————————**
  1. the activity of formally presenting something (as a prize or reward)
  2. the act of making something publicly available; presenting news or other information by broadcasting or printing it
  3. a show or display; the act of presenting something to sight or view
  4. the act of presenting a proposal
  5. a visual representation of something
57
Q

probe

A
  • *n. 探针；调查
    vi. 调查；探测
    vt. 探查；用探针探测
    n. (Probe)人名；(法)普罗布
  • ——————————————**
  1. an inquiry into unfamiliar or questionable activities
  2. a flexible slender surgical instrument used to explore wounds or body cavities
  3. an exploratory action or expedition
  4. an investigation conducted using a flexible surgical instrument to explore an injury or a body cavity
  5. question or examine thoroughly and closely
58
Q

proof

A
  • *n. 证明；证据；校样；考验；验证；试验
    adj. 防…的；不能透入的；证明用的；耐…的
    vt. 试验；校对；使不被穿透
  • ——————————————**
  1. any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something
  2. a formal series of statements showing that if one thing is true something else necessarily follows from it
  3. a measure of alcoholic strength expressed as an integer twice the percentage of alcohol present (by volume)
  4. (printing) an impression made to check for errors
  5. a trial photographic print from a negative
59
Q

purity

A
  • *n. [化学] 纯度；纯洁；纯净；纯粹
    n. (Purity)人名；(肯)普丽蒂
  • ——————————————**
  1. being undiluted or unmixed with extraneous material
  2. the state of being unsullied by sin or moral wrong; lacking a knowledge of evil
  3. a woman’s virtue or chastity
60
Q

reasonable

A
  • *adj. 合理的，公道的；通情达理的
  • ——————————————**
  1. showing reason or sound judgment
  2. not excessive or extreme
  3. marked by sound judgment
61
Q

recruit

A
  • *n. 招聘；新兵；新成员
    vt. 补充；聘用；征募；使…恢复健康
    vi. 复原；征募新兵；得到补充；恢复健康
  • ——————————————**
  1. a recently enlisted soldier
  2. any new member or supporter (as in the armed forces)
  3. register formally as a participant or member
  4. seek to employ
  5. cause to assemble or enlist in the military
62
Q

reservation

A
  • *n. 预约，预订；保留
  • ——————————————**
  1. a district that is reserved for particular purpose
  2. a statement that limits or restricts some claim
  3. an unstated doubt that prevents you from accepting something wholeheartedly
  4. the act of reserving (a place or passage) or engaging the services of (a person or group)
  5. the written record or promise of an arrangement by which accommodations are secured in advance
63
Q

scarce

A
  • *adj. 缺乏的，不足的；稀有的
    adv. 仅仅；几乎不；几乎没有
  • ——————————————**
  1. not enough; hard to find
  2. deficient in quantity or number compared with the demand
  3. by a small margin
64
Q

shell

A
  • *n. 壳，贝壳；炮弹；外形
    vi. 剥落；设定命令行解释器的位置
    vt. 剥皮；炮轰
  • ——————————————**
  1. ammunition consisting of a cylindrical metal casing containing an explosive charge and a projectile; fired from a large gun
  2. the material that forms the hard outer covering of many animals
  3. hard outer covering or case of certain organisms such as arthropods and turtles
  4. the hard usually fibrous outer layer of some fruits especially nuts
  5. the exterior covering of a bird’s egg
65
Q

simplicity

A
  • *n. 朴素；简易；天真；愚蠢
  • ——————————————**
  1. the quality of being simple or uncompounded
  2. a lack of penetration or subtlety
  3. absence of affectation or pretense
  4. freedom from difficulty or hardship or effort
  5. lack of ornamentation
66
Q

smelting

A
  • *n. [冶] 熔炼
    v. 精炼（smelt现在分词）
  • ——————————————**
  1. small cold-water silvery fish; migrate between salt and fresh water
  2. small trout-like silvery marine or freshwater food fishes of cold northern waters
  3. extract (metals) by heating
67
Q

sound

A
  • *vt. 听（诊）；测量，测…深；使发声；试探；宣告
    n. 声音，语音；噪音；海峡；吵闹；听力范围；[医] 探条
    adj. 健全的，健康的；合理的；可靠的；有效彻底的
    adv. 彻底地，充分地
    vi. 听起来；发出声音；回响；测深
  • ——————————————**
  1. the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause
  2. the subjective sensation of hearing something
  3. mechanical vibrations transmitted by an elastic medium
  4. the sudden occurrence of an audible event
  5. the audible part of a transmitted signal
68
Q

spoil

A
  • *vt. 溺爱；糟蹋；破坏；掠夺
    vi. 掠夺；变坏；腐败
    n. 次品；奖品
  • ——————————————**
  1. (usually plural) valuables taken by violence (especially in war)
  2. the act of spoiling something by causing damage to it
  3. the act of stripping and taking by force
  4. make a mess of, destroy or ruin
  5. become unfit for consumption or use
69
Q

stash

A
  • *n. 藏匿处；藏匿物
    vt. 存放；贮藏
    vi. 存放；藏起来
  • ——————————————**
  1. a secret store of valuables or money
  2. save up as for future use
70
Q

submission

A
  • *n. 投降；提交（物）；服从；（向法官提出的）意见；谦恭
  • ——————————————**
  1. something (manuscripts or architectural plans and models or estimates or works of art of all genres etc.) submitted for the judgment of others (as in a competition)
  2. the act of submitting; usually surrendering power to another
  3. the condition of having submitted to control by someone or something else
  4. the feeling of patient submissive humbleness
  5. a legal document summarizing an agreement between parties in a dispute to abide by the decision of an arbiter
71
Q

suppress

A
  • *vt. 抑制；镇压；废止
  • ——————————————**
  1. to put down by force or authority
  2. come down on or keep down by unjust use of one’s authority
  3. control and refrain from showing; of emotions
  4. keep under control; keep in check
  5. put out of one’s consciousness
72
Q

surpass

A
  • *vt. 超越；胜过，优于；非…所能办到或理解
  • ——————————————**
  1. distinguish oneself
  2. be or do something to a greater degree
  3. pass by
  4. go beyond
73
Q

tarnish

A
  • *n. 晦暗，无光泽；污点
    vt. 玷污；使……失去光泽；使……变灰暗
    vi. 失去光泽；被玷污；变灰暗
  • ——————————————**
  1. discoloration of metal surface caused by oxidation
  2. make dirty or spotty, as by exposure to air; also used metaphorically
74
Q

timber

A
  • *n. 木材；木料
    n. (Timber)人名；(瑞典)廷贝尔
  • ——————————————**
  1. the wood of trees cut and prepared for use as building material
  2. a beam made of wood
  3. a post made of wood
  4. land that is covered with trees and shrubs
  5. (music) the distinctive property of a complex sound (a voice or noise or musical sound)
75
Q

trait

A
  • *n. 特性，特点；品质；少许
    n. (Trait)人名；(法)特雷
  • ——————————————**
  1. a distinguishing feature of your personal nature
76
Q

tube

A
  • *n. 管；电子管；隧道；电视机
    vt. 使成管状；把…装管；用管输送
    vi. 乘地铁；不及格
  • ——————————————**
  1. conduit consisting of a long hollow object (usually cylindrical) used to hold and conduct objects or liquids or gases
  2. electronic device consisting of a system of electrodes arranged in an evacuated glass or metal envelope
  3. a hollow cylindrical shape
  4. (anatomy) any hollow cylindrical body structure
  5. an electric railway operating below the surface of the ground (usually in a city)
77
Q

uneven

A
  • *adj. 不均匀的；不平坦的；[数] 奇数的
  • ——————————————**
  1. not even or uniform as e.g. in shape or texture
  2. (of a contest or contestants) not fairly matched as opponents
  3. lacking consistency
78
Q

virtually

A
  • *adv. 事实上，几乎；实质上
  • ——————————————**
  1. in essence or effect but not in fact
  2. (of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished
79
Q

yogurt

A
  • *n. 酸奶酪，[食品] 酸乳（等于yoghurt）
  • ——————————————**
  1. a custard-like food made from curdled milk

TOEFL-45 (45 decks)

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