22 Flashcards
(42 cards)
1
Q
- It Is a form of interpersonal
communication between two people –a teacher and a learner. “ The teaching- learning process is a human transaction involving the teacher, learner and learning group in a set of dynamic inter
relationships. - Teaching is a human relational problem”
A
CLINICAL TEACHING
2
Q
ACTIVITY BASED TEACHING STRATEGIES
- COOPERATIVE LEARNING
- WRITING TO LEARN
- CONCEPT-MAPPING
- DEBATE
- SIMULATIONS
- PROBLEM -BASED LEARNING
- SELF-LEARNING MODULE
A
2
Q
- It is based on the premise that learners work together and are responsible for not only their own learning but also for the learning of other group members.
- It involves structuring small groups of learners who work together toward achieving shared learning goals.
- Is a system of learning where the
members of the group are aware that they are not only the responsible for their own learning but also for the learning of others (Lindauerand Petrrie, 1997)
A
COOPERATIVE LEARNING
2
Q
3 TYPES OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING GROUPS
A
- FORMAL COOPERATIVE LEARNING GROUPS
- INFORMAL COOPERATIVE LEARNING GROUPS
- BASED COOPERATIVE GROUPS
3
Q
- It is the most widely used method as almost all teaching examples provided in the on-line seminar were classified under this method.
- The most effective or useful in the academic or classroom setting than in-service or patient education departments.
- It is when students work together for one or several class sessions to achieve shared learning goals
A
FORMAL COOPERATIVE LEARNING
GROUPS
3
Q
- It is one in which students work together in temporary, ad hoc groups that last for only one discussion or class period to achieve joint learning goals.
- It is used to focus student attention on the material to be learned, create an expectation set and mood conducive to learning, ensure students cognitively process the material being taught, and provide closure to an instructional session.
A
INFORMAL COOPERATIVE LEARNING GROUPS
3
Q
- It is a long-term, cooperative learning groups (lasting for at least one semester or year) with a stable membership, whose primary responsibility is to give each member the support, encouragement, and assistance.
- Could be most applicable to precept or ship programs or new staff orientation.
A
BASED COOPERATIVE GROUPS
4
Q
Advantages of Cooperative Learning
- Group members learn to function as part of the team.
- Working in a group for any length of time can teach or enhance social and communication skills
- Cooperative learning groups can help to address individual learning needs and learning styles.
A
4
Q
- Is actively influences students dispositions toward thinking and takes active participation in learning .writing serves as a stimulus of critical thinking
by immersing students in the subject matter for cognitive utilization of knowledge and effective internalization of values and beliefs.
A
WRITING TO LEARN
4
Q
It lends visual assistance to students when asked to demonstrate their thinking in a graphic manner to show interconnectedness of concepts or
ideas.
A
CONCEPT-MAPPING
4
Q
these are challenging to create but are easy to score .literature examination are made of multiple choice items ,these could help students get familiar with the type of test and determine the level of knowing , recall and beyond recall
A
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
4
Q
This is designed to test the learner’s ability to identify the correctness of the statement of facts or principles but limited to test the lowest level of knowing, knowledge and comprehension.
A
TRUE OR FALSE
4
Q
Is a strategy that fosters critical
thinking which requires in-depth recall of topics for supporting evidence and for developing one’s position in a controversial issue.
A
DEBATE
5
Q
his is used to test the lowest level of knowing which is useful in determining the learner recall of the memorized relationship between two things such as terms and definitions, dates or events.
A
MATCHING TYPE
5
Q
Refer to the subjective type of evaluation in which students are given questions requiring critical analysis of situations based on concepts or principles learned. Although time consuming to score it lend the learners to testing the highest level of thinking , particularly analysis ,synthesis and evaluation of given situation.
A
ESSAY EXAMINATIONS
5
Q
FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION
- improve educational program
- achieve educational goal
- motivate and guide the learning activities of the individual learners
- motivate the teacher to evaluate
critically her teaching practices ,students learning effectiveness and her own personal goal - motivate the teacher to work together for the improvement of the curriculum and educational program
A
5
Q
- A two way chart that relates the learning outcomes to the course content
- It enables the teacher to prepare a test containing a representative sample of student behavior in each of the areas tested
A
TABLE OF SPECIFICATIONS (TOS)
5
Q
- type of test attempts to indicate the capacity , the brightness or native intelligence of students as compared to the norm of her age
A
Intelligence tests
5
Q
A process of ascertaining or judging the value of something through careful appraisal. it is a means of helping an individual or group of individuals to be self directing .it assists in the
establishment of specific goals and objectives , which in turn serves as criteria for judging desirable changes .- GREGORIO :1971
A
EVALUATION
5
Q
- these tests are designed to indicate the accomplishment
of the student in the particular subject , areas of the curriculum
A
Achievement tests
5
Q
STEPS IN EVALUATION
- state objectives
- define changes in behaviour
list and briefly describe situations that give oppurtunity for the expression of desired behavior of the learner - develop appropriate and systematic means of eliciting kinds of behavior implied in objectives to be evaluated
- decide on ways of recording and
summarizing score, rate, describe) steps in evaluation - decide on ways of recording and
summarizing behavior ( score, rate, describe) - check validity, reliability and difficulty of the measures used
established conditions that permit the student to give her best performance - assign scores on the basis of the
foregoing steps - develop methods of interpretation
A
5
Q
- intended to discover the possibilities of a student’s success in a particular area.
A
Prognostic tests
5
Q
EVALUATIVE DEVICES
- Essay Examination
- Objective Examinations
A) Multiple Choice Questions
B) True Or False Questions
C) Matching Questions - Objective Problem Situation Test
- Standardized Tests
A) Intelligence Tests
B) Prognostic Tests
C) Achievements Tests - Rating Scales
A
5
Q
- Are controlled representation of
reality. - It is the imitation, recreation or representation of the structure or dynamics of a real thing or situation with which the learner actively participates and interacts with persons or things in the environment.
A
SIMULATIONS
5
5
- A controlled representation of a piece of reality that learners can manipulate to better understand the corresponding real situation.
- This categorized by their degree of fidelity.
SIMULATION EXERCISE
5
4 TYPES OF SIMULATIONS
1. SIMULATION EXERCISE
2. SIMULATION GAME
3. ROLE PLAYING
4. CASE STUDY/ WRITTEN SIMULATION
5
4 PURPOSE AND USES OF SIMULATIONS
1. Simulations are intended to help learners practice decision-making and problem solving skills, to develop human interaction abilities and to learn psychomotor skills in a safe and controlled setting.
2. Simulation techniques can be used to achieve many learning objectives.
3. Simulation is also an avenue for attitude change can be applied to the teaching of psychomotor skills..
4. Simulation strategies can be applied to the teaching of psychomotor skills
5
A game that represent real-life situations in which learners compete according to a set of rules in order to win or achieve an objective.
SIMULATION GAME
5
6 COMPONENTS OF SELF-LEARNING MODULE
1. Introduction and instructions
2. Behavioral objectives
3. Pre test
4. Learning activities
5. Self-evaluation
6. Post test
5
- An analysis of an incident or situation in which characters and relationships are described, factual, or hypothetical events transpire, and problems need to be resolved or solved.
CASE STUDY/ WRITTEN SIMULATION
5
A form of drama in which learners spontaneously act out roles in an interaction involving problems or challenges in human relations.
ROLE PLAYING
5
3 CHARACTERISTICS OF PROBLEM-BASED
- PBL is conducted with small
groups, while case studies may be
used by individuals or groups.
- Students using PBL have little
background knowledge of the
subjects matter in the case
- PBL the cases are usually brief
and the presenting problem are ill
structured.
5
- PROVIDE A RECORD FOR ASSIGNING GRADES
- TO PROVIDE A LEARNING EXPERIENCE FOR STUDENTS
- TO MOTIVATE STUDENTS TO LEARN
- TO SERVE AS A GUIDE FOR FURTHER STUDY
- TO ASSESS HOW WELL STUDENTS ARE ACHIEVING THE STATED GOALS OF THE LESSON
- TO PROVIDE THE INSTRUCTOR WITH AN OPPORTUNITY TO REINFORCE THE STATED OBJECTIVES AND HIGHLIGHT WHAT IS IMPORTANT FOR STUDENTS TO REMEMBER
PURPOSE OF TESTING
5
–THE TEST CAN BE ADMINISTERED WITH EASE ,CLARITY AND UNIFORMITY
USABILITY
5
- Also called Self-directed learning modules, self-paced learning modules, self-learning packets.
- Can be defined as a self-contained unit or package of study materials for use by an individual.
- are learning activities designed for participants to do independently when
they are unable to attend individual or group education sessions.
SELF LEARNING MODULES
5
3 PRINCIPLES OF SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING
1. Adults are self motivated to learn material for which they see relevance
2. Adults’ prior to experience is a
resource for further learning.
3. Adults are problem focused and readily learn material they can use to solve problems.
5
- A 58-year-old woman experienced attacks of confusion: she would repeat the same question 30 times even though it was answered for her each time.
- Eventually the students will ask the circumstances of the woman's attacks (e.g., " Following alcohol consumption?") When the students learn that the attacks occurred in the late afternoon, they will likely focus on diet and blood sugar.
1. A Case of a Confused Person
5
-THE EXTENT TO WHICH THE TEST MEASURES WHAT IT INTENDS TO MEASURE.
VALIDITY
5
- A fitness test of applicants to a
fire department resulted in 32
hospitalizations with back pain,
muscle pain, and reduced urine
output. One person died.
- The students will at some point
address muscle physiology. What
happens when muscle cells break
during exertion? What are the
consequences of hyperkalemia
on the heart? Where does all the
potassium originate? What are
the effects of myoglobin on the
kidneys? What is the impact of
oxygen free radicals produced by
damaged muscles?
2. A Case of Deadly Exertion
5
-THE CONSISTENCY WITH WHICH A TEST MEASURES WHAT IT IS SUPPOSED TO MEASURE
RELAIBILITY
5
5 MOST COMMONLY USED TEST FORMAT
1. MULTIPLE CHOICE
2. TRUE OR FALSE
3. MATCHING TYPE
4. FILL IN THE BLANKS
5. ESSAY
