Flashcards in 25. Family Leptospiraceae Deck (31):
1
Causative agent of Lyme disease
Borrelia burgdorferi
2
Causative agent of relapsing fever
Borrelia hermsii
3
Causative agent of Syphilis
Treponema pallidum
4
Disease caused by other treponemes other than T. pallidum
Yaws
Pinta
Bejel
5
Genera under the Family Leptospiraceae
Borrelia
Leptospira
Treponema
6
Microscopic appearance of Leptospira spp.
Coiled rods with hook
7
Oxygen requirements of Leptospira spp.
Obligate aerobes
8
Specimens cultured for Leptospirosis diagnosis
Blood (early)
Urine (late, >2 weeks)
9
Molecular diagnosis of Leptospirosis
PCR
10
Serological diagnosis of Leptospirosis
Enzyme immunoassay (EIA)
11
Oxygen requirements of Borrelia spp.
Microaerophilic
12
Optimum temperature for growth of Borrelia
28-30°C
13
Determines the helical shape of Borrelia spp.
Flagella
Flagella-negative mutants are straight bacilli
14
Disease caused by B. burgdorferi
Lyme borreliosis
15
Vectors for Lyme borreliosis
- Ixodes scapularis: deer tick/black-legged tick
- Ixodes pacificus
16
Stages of Lyme disease
Stage 1 (3-30 days)
- 75% develop erythema chronicum migrans
Stage 2 (1-7 months)
- cardiac and neurologic problems
Stage 3 (months to years)
- arthritis
17
Explain the Western Blot diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis
POS IgM: 2 of 3 protein bands
POS IgG: 5 of 10 protein bands
18
Disease caused by T. pallidum
Syphilis
19
MOT of T. pallidum
Direct contact with lesions that contain T. pallidum
20
Stages of syphilis
Primary: chancre
Secondary: rash
Latent
Tertiary: gummas/neurosyphilis
21
Diagnostic test for primary syphilis
Dark-field microscopy
22
Stages of syphilis when it is infectious
Primary
Secondary
Latent (early)
23
Diagnostic tests for secondary syphilis
Dark-field microscopy (early)
Serological tests
24
Diagnosis of tertiary syphilis
Serological tests
25
In utero infection of T. pallidum
Congenital syphilis
26
Manifestations of tertiary syphilis
- gummatous syphilis
- cardiovascular disease
- neurosyphilis
27
Examples of non-treponemal tests
RPR
VDRL
28
Examples of treponemal tests
TP-PA
EIA
29
Stain for all spirochetes
Silver
30
Stain for Borrelia only
Giemsa
31