2.5 Study Guide Flashcards
(15 cards)
Cohesion
the action or fact of forming a united whole.
adhesion
the tendency of dissimilar particles or surfaces to cling to one another
solvent
having assets in excess of liabilities; able to pay one’s debts.
specific heat
the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance 1 degree Celsius (°C)
heat of vaporization
the amount of heat needed to turn 1 g of a liquid into a vapor, without a rise in the temperature of the liquid
concentration
the action or power of focusing one’s attention or mental effort.
pH
quantitative measure of the acidity or basicity of aqueous or other liquid solutions.
pOH
is the potential of hydroxide ions
hydroxide ion
OH− is a diatomic anion
hydronium ion
the ion H3O+, consisting of a protonated water molecule and present in all aqueous acids.
acid
A chemical that gives off hydrogen ions in water and forms salts by combining with certain metals.
base
a substance that can neutralize the acid by reacting with hydrogen ions.
Listing the five properties of water
polar molecules, its high specific heat, the high heat of vaporization, the lower density of ice, and its high polarity.
Explain how water’s polarity or ability to make hydrogen bonds gives it each property
each water molecule attracts other water molecules because of the opposite charges between them, forming hydrogen bonds.
Decide whether a solution is an acid, base, or neutral when given either pH, [H3O+], [OH-], or pOH
If [H3O+] = [OH-] = 1.0 x 10-7 then the solution is neutral. If [H3O+] > 1.0 x 10-7, then [OH-] < 1.0 x 10-7 and the solution is acidic. If [OH-] > 1.0 x 10-7, then [H3O+] < 1.0 x 10-7 and the solution is basic.
