1
Q
What are carbonyl compounds?
A
Aldehydes and ketones, organic compounds that both contain the carbonyl functional group C=O
2
Q
Describe the location of the carbonyl functional group in aldehydes
A
- at the end of the carbon chain
- CHO
3
Q
What is the simplest aldehyde, its common name and its use.
A
Methanal, HCHO
Formaldehyde
Used in solution to preserve biological specimens
4
Q
Describe the location of the carbonyl functional group in ketones
A
- joined to two carbon atoms in the carbon chain
- CO
5
Q
What is the simplest ketone, its common name and its use.
A
Propanone, CH3CHOCH3
Acetone
Used as an important industrial solvent and in nail-varnish removers
6
Q
How to name carbonyl compounds?
A
Aldehyde = -al
Ketone = -one
-> the carbon atom of the carbonyl group is always designated as carbon-1
7
Q
A
Chemistry
flashcards
Decks in class (62)
# Cards
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2.1 - Atomic structure and isotopes15
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2.2 - Relative mass6
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2.3 - Formulae and equations11
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3.1 - Amount of substance and the mole3
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3.2 - Determination of formulae6
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3.3 - Moles and volumes12
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3.4 - Reacting quantities10
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4.1 - Acids, bases, and neutralisation25
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4.2 - Acid-base titrations3
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4.3 - Redox7
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5.1 - Electron structure19
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5.2 - Ionic bonding and structure14
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5.3 - Covalent bonding12
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6.1 - Shapes of molecules and ions8
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6.2 - Electronegativity and polarity11
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6.3 - Intermolecular forces13
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6.4 - Hydrogen bonding4
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7.1 - The periodic table6
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7.2 - Ionisation energies7
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7.3 - Periodic trends in bonding and structure8
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8.1 - Group 213
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8.2 - The halogens9
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8.3 - Qualitative analysis7
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9.1 - Enthalpy changes9
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9.2 - Measuring enthalpy changes3
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9.3 - Bond enthalpies5
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9.4 - Hess' law and enthalpy cycles2
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10.1 - Reaction rates and equilibrium13
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10.2 - Catalysts6
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10.3 - The Boltzmann distribution2
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10.4 - Dynamic equilibrium and le Chatelier's principle2
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10.5 - The equilibrium constant Kc1
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11.1 - Organic chemistry10
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11.2 - Nomenclature of organic compounds11
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11.3 - Representing the formulae of organic compounds6
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11.4 - Isomerism5
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11.5 - Reaction mechanisms12
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12.1 - Properties of alkanes7
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12.2 - Chemical reactions of alkanes16
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13.1 - Properties of alkenes6
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13.2 - Stereoisomerism10
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13.3 - Reactions of alkenes9
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13.4 - Electrophilic addition in alkenes6
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13.5 - Polymerisation in alkenes20
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14.1 - Properties of alcohols15
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14.2 - Reactions of alcohols24
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15.1 - The chemistry of haloalkanes23
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15.2 - Ozone and organohalogen compounds9
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18.1 - Rates of reactions0
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19.1 - The equilibrium constant Kc - part 23
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22.1 - Lattice enthalpy16
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22.2 - Enthalpy changes in solution9
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22.3 - Factors affecting lattice enthalpy and hydration6
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22.4 - Entropy5
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22.5 - Free energy6
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25.1 - Introducing benzene11
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21.1 - Buffer solutions11
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26.1 - Carbonyl compounds7
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26.2 - Identifying aldehydes and ketones9
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26.3 - Carboxylic acids10
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23.1 - Redox reactions4
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20.1 - Bronsted-Lowry acids and bases3
