3/17 interacting with others

Question 1

prosocial behavior

Answer 1

actions that benefit others

Question 2

altruism

Answer 2

prosocial behavior that helps another with no direct benefit to the individual

Question 3

when can altruism develop?

Answer 3

18 months

Question 4

prosocial behavior toddler and preschool years

Answer 4

children gradually begin to understand other’s needs and learn more appropriate altruistic responses

Question 5

skills necessary in order to behave prosocially

Answer 5

perspective taking, empathy, moral reasoning

Question 6

features that influence prosocial behavior

Answer 6

feelings of responsibility, feeling of competence, mood, costs of altruism

Question 7

caregivers encouraging prosocial behavior

Answer 7

modeling, disciplinary practices, opportunities to behave in prosocial ways, volunteer work

Question 8

aggression

Answer 8

behavior meant to harm others

Question 9

intstrumental aggression

Answer 9

result of not having something you want, immediate grab

Question 10

goal of intstrumental aggression

Answer 10

achieve a specific goal

Question 11

reactive aggression

Answer 11

response to another person’s behavior

Question 12

goal of reactive aggression

Answer 12

retaliate

Question 13

relational aggression

Answer 13

non-physical acts to harm a social bond

Question 14

goal of relational aggression

Answer 14

undermine social relationships of others

Question 15

hostile aggression

Answer 15

unprovoked physical/verbal attack

Question 16

goal of hostile aggression

Answer 16

intimidate, harass, humiliate others

Question 17

solitary play

Answer 17

stage 1
plays alone, unaware of other children

Question 18

onlooker play

Answer 18

stage 2
observes play of other children

Question 19

parallel play

Answer 19

plays near other children with similr toys but does not influence them

Question 20

parallel play age

Answer 20

12 months

Question 21

associative play

Answer 21

engage in separate activities but exchange toys and comments

Question 22

associative play age

Answer 22

15-18 months

Question 23

cooperative play

Answer 23

children work toward a common goal (like make believe play)

Question 24

cooperative play age

Answer 24

24 months

Question 25

children more likely to have imaginary friends

Answer 25

firstborn and only chilren

Question 26

playmate parental influence

Answer 26

scaffolding play in children

Question 27

social direction parental influence

Answer 27

creating opportunities for play (playdates, enrolling kids in activities)

Question 28

coach parental influence

Answer 28

teaching children how to initiate interactions, make joint decisions, resolve conflict

Question 29

mediator parental influence

Answer 29

help negotiate between peers

Question 30

friendship

Answer 30

a voluntary relationship between two people involving multiple liking

Question 31

preschool and elementary friendship

Answer 31

children that like each other, like playing

Question 32

older elementary friendship

Answer 32

children that like each other, like playing together, additional psychological features such as trust and assistance

Question 33

adolescence friendship

Answer 33

children that like each other, like playing together, additional psychological features, intimacy (confide in one another, personal thoughts and feelings)

Question 34

who is intimacy more common in?

Answer 34

girls

Question 35

co-rumination

Answer 35

when good friends spend too much time discussing personal problems

Question 36

mutual antipathic relationship

Answer 36

a shared dislike for one another

Question 37

percentage of adolescents with romantic relations

Answer 37

66% in past 1.5 year by highschool lasting almost a year

Question 38

early dating with many partners

Answer 38

lower grades, drug use, less satisfying relationships in high school and future

Question 39

end of high school sexual intercourse percentage

Answer 39

2/3 of adolescents

Question 40

teen pregnancy percentage

Answer 40

of adolescent girls that have engaged in sex, 1 in 6 become pregnant

Question 41

percentage of teens that experience a period of sexual questioning

Answer 41

15%

Question 42

percentage of teens that identify as gay

Answer 42

5% (boys and girls)

Question 43

clique

Answer 43

small group of individuals who are good friends

Question 44

crowd

Answer 44

larger, mixed-sex group who have similar views and attitudes

Question 45

dominance hierarchy

Answer 45

a social structure that ranks individuals with a leader in the group that other members are aware of

Question 46

popular children

Answer 46

liked by many peers

Question 47

rejected children

Answer 47

disliked by many peers

Question 48

controversial children

Answer 48

both liked and disliked

Question 49

average children

Answer 49

liked and disliked by some peers but without intensity

Question 50

neglected children

Answer 50

ignored by peers