3: Concepts in infection 1

Question 1

alcoholics at much higher risk of strep pneumoniae, neisseria meningitidis

Question 2

Specific ___ put you at risk of different opportunistic infections.

Answer 2

immunodeficiencies

Question 3

What is a prodrome?

Answer 3

Classical symptoms BEFORE main symptoms of infection set in

e.g tingling before vesicles appear in herpes zoster

Question 4

What are some molecular tests which can be used to detect bacteria in infection?

Answer 4

MALDI-TOF

Chromogenic media (agar which turns different colours for different bugs)

PCR

Whole genome sequencing

Question 5

Bacteria are Gram ___ or ___ .

Which shapes?

Answer 5

Gram +ve / -ve

Cocci, bacilli or a mixture

Question 6

What are the growth types of bacteria?

Answer 6

Aerobic (Pseudomonas is a strict aerobe)

Anaerobic (targeted by metronidazole)

Question 7

relearn coagulase tests for staph

and haemolysis for strep

Question 8

syphilis is a spirochaete

Question 9

vibrio shape - think cholera

Question 10

haemolysis

alpha - strep viridans (greek for green), pneumoniae - GREEN

gamma/non - enterococci - no change

beta - GAS (e.g strep pyogenes) - WHITE

Question 11

streptococci - penicillin

gamma haemolytic strep are a bit more complicated

Question 12

gram negative bacilli tend to be anaerobic - klebsiella, e coli, enterobacter

pseudomonas is a strict aerobe

Question 13

“strict lactose fermenter” usually means e coli

Question 14

gram negative cocci - neiserria meningitidis and gonorrhoeae

Question 15

penicillin / clarithromycin / vancomycin - gram positives

gentamicin / aztreonam - gram negatives

metronidazole - anaerobes