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301 E Flashcards

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1
Q

Variable

A

Any factor or attribute that can assume two or more variables

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2
Q

Qualitative variable

A

Represent properties that differ in type

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3
Q

Quantitative

A

Represent properties that differ in amount

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4
Q

Discrete variables

A

Between two adjacent values there are no intermediate values

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5
Q

Continuous variables

A

Intermediate values are possible

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6
Q

Situational variables

A

Characteristic that Differs across environment and stimuli

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7
Q

Subject variable

A

Characteristic hat differs across individuals

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8
Q

Hypothetical constructs

A

Underlying characteristics or processes that are not directly observed but instead inferred from measured behavior or outcomes

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9
Q

Mediator variable

A

A variable that provides a casual link in sequence between independent and dependent

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10
Q

Moderator variable

A

A factor that alters the the strength or direction of relation between the independent and dependent variable

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11
Q

Operational definition

A

Refers to defining a variable in terms of the procedures used to measure or manipulate it

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12
Q

Measurement

A

The process of systematically assigning values to represent attributes of Organisms objects or events

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13
Q

Scale sod measurement

A

Refers to rules for assigning scale values to measurements

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14
Q

Nominal scale

A

The scale values represent only qualitative differences of the attribute of negative

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15
Q

Ordinal scale

A

The different scale values represent relative differences in the amount of some attribute

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16
Q

Interval scale

A

Equal distance between values on scale

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17
Q

Ratio scale

A

True zero point

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18
Q

Accuracy

A

Represents the degree to which the measure yields results that agree with a known standard

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19
Q

Systematic error

A

Also called bias

A consistent degree of error that occurs with each measurement

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20
Q

Reliability

A

Assed by examining consistency

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21
Q

Random measurement error

A

Random fluctuations that occur during a measurement and cause the obtained scores to deviate from truth

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22
Q

Test retest reliability

A

Determined by administering the same participants on two or more occasions under same conditions

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23
Q

Split half reliability

A

The items that compose a test are divided into two subsets an correlation between each is determined

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24
Q

Inter observer reliability

A

Represents the degree to which independent observers share agreement in observations

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25
Validity
Con we truthfully infer that measure actually does what it claims to do
26
Face validity
Concerns the degree to which the items on a measure appear to me reasonable
27
Content validity
Represents the degree to which items on a measure adequately represent the entire range or set of items that could be included
28
Criterion validity
Addresses the relation between scores and outcome
29
Construct validity
A measure trips asses the construct that it claims to asses
30
Convergent validity
Scores on a measure should correlate highly with scores on other measures of same construct
31
Discrimination validity
Cores on a measure should not correlate to strongly with score of other constructs
32
Experimental control
Manipulate independent variable Chose dependent variable Regulate environment
33
Confounding variable
A factor that covaries with the independent in such a way that we can no longer determine which one causes the change
34
Between subjects design
Different participants Are assigned to each condition
35
Random assessment
Eachbparticpant has an equal probability of being assigned to any one of the conduction sin the experiment
36
Within subjects design
Each participant engages in every condition of the experiment one or more times
37
Counter balancing
A procedure in which the order of comfituins is varied so that no condition has an advantage
38
Experimental condition
Involves exposing participants to treatment or an active level of independent variable
39
Control condition
Participants do not receive treatment
40
Independent groups design
Participants are randomly assigned to various conditions
41
Block randomization
We conduct a single round of conditions, then another, then another, with each round conditions order random
42
Matching variable
A characteristic of which we match sets of individuals as closely as possible
43
Matched groups
Each participant set that has been matched is randomly assigned to various conditions
44
Progressive effected
Reflect changes in participants responses which result from their cumulative exposure
45
Carryover effect
Responses influenc d by conditions preceding it
46
All possible order design
Every possible condition sequence
47
Random selected order design
From the entire set of all possibl orders, a subset is randomly selected
48
Block randomization design
Every participant exposed to multiple blocks each block a new random order of conditions
49
Reverse counter balancing
Each participant receives a random order of all conditions and then again in reverse order
50
Mixed factorial design
A factorial design that involves at least one between and one within subject variable
51
Main effect
Occurs when an independent variable has an overall effect on dependent
52
Interaction
The way a iv influences dv differs dependedingvanother iv
53
Simple main effects
Represent the effects of one iv at a particular level of another I v
54
Person x situation factorial design
An experiment that incorporated at least on subject variable and one manipulated situational variable
55
Quasi experiment
Has some factor of an experiment but lacks environmental control
56
One group post test design
A treatment occurs and afterward the dependent variable is measured once
57
Simple interrupted time Servis
Dv is repeatedly measured at intervals before and after a treatment interaction
58
Selection interaction
The interaction of selection with another threat to interval validity
59
Post test only design with non equivalent group
Participants in one condition are wxposed to treat ment and an non equivalent group is not
60
Needs assessment
Determined whether there is a need for a social program and the general steps required to meet that need
61
Program theory and design assessment
Evaluated the rationale for why in program has been or will be designed a particular way
62
Process evaluation
Determined whether a program has been implemented as intended
63
Outcome evaluation
As sessed a programs affectiveness
64
Contamination
Knowledge services or experienced intended for one groups received my another
65
Efficiency assessment
Weighs benifits and cost
66
Program diffusion
Implementing and maintaining effective programs in other setting
67
Program evaluation
Involves the use of research methods to asses need for design implementation and effectiveness at a social intervention.
68
Abab
Withdrawal design
69
Multiple baseline design for across behaviors
The same treatment is applied to two or more distinct behaviors of the same individual and the switch from baseline to treatment periods is staggered across behaviors
70
Changing criterion design
An initial baseline phase | Treatment lasts until criterion becomes stable

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