3.1 + 3.2

Question 1

physiological effects meaning

Answer 1

physical functioning of the body. Something that can be observed or recorded.

Question 2

psychological effects meaning

Answer 2

affecting or arising in the mind – related to the mental and emotional state of a person. Often harder to quantify as not necessarily measurable

Question 3

2 sub things of CHD

Answer 3

cardiac arrest
angina

Question 4

what is cardiac arrest

Answer 4

heart stops pumping due to blocked arteries reducing oxygen to heart muscle

Question 5

symptoms of angina

Answer 5

chest pain caused by restricted blood flow to the heart muscle

Question 6

how does angina happen

Answer 6

when coronary arteries are narrowed by fatty deposits (atherosclerosis)

Question 7

treatment of cardiac arrest

Answer 7

defibrillation

Question 8

treatment of angina

Answer 8

medication

Question 9

chd poor diet risk factor

Answer 9

high in saturated fats, salts, sugar - increase weight, bp + cholestrol

Question 10

chd lack of exercise risk factor

Answer 10

poor circulation, higher weight

Question 11

chd alcohol risk factor

Answer 11

raises BP and cholesterol

Question 12

chd diabetes risk factor

Answer 12

high blood sugar damages arteries increasing fat buildup

Question 13

chd smoking risk factor

Answer 13

damage blood vessels, reducing oxygen in blood

Question 14

chd high blood pressure risk factor

Answer 14

damages artery walls, making it easier for fatty plaques to build up

Question 15

chd high cholesterol risk factor

Answer 15

causes fatty deposits in arteries - narrow - less blood flow to heart

Question 16

chd family history risk factor

Answer 16

genetic predisposition to CHD

Question 17

chd obsesity risk factor

Answer 17

increases strain on heart often linked to high cholesterol + type 2 diabetes

Question 18

what is type 2 diabetes

Answer 18

when body cells become resistant to insulin or the pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin

Question 19

what does high blood sugar (diabetes) do

Answer 19

damages blood vessels, nerves, kidneys, eyes, and heart over time

Question 20

weight as a diabetes risk factor

Answer 20

weight around abdomen increases insulin resistance

Question 21

smoking as a diabetes risk factor

Answer 21

increases insulin resistance

Question 22

alcohol as a diabetes risk factor

Answer 22

can cause spikes or drops in blood sugar

Question 23

lack of exercise as a diabetes risk factor

Answer 23

reduces insulin sensitivity
contributes to weight gain

Question 24

poor diet as a diabetes risk factor

Answer 24

high sugar leads to blood sugar spikes and insulin resistance

Question 25

3 things for nutrient deficiencies

Answer 25

anaemia scurvy rickets

Question 26

what is anaemia caused by

Answer 26

lack of iron

Question 27

effect of anaemia

Answer 27

without enough haemoglobin - body can't carry sufficient oxygen to tissues leads to fatigure shortness of breath pale skin dizziness

Question 28

how is scurvy caused

Answer 28

vit c deficiency which is essential for making collagen

Question 29

symptoms of scurvy

Answer 29

leads to weakness, swollen / bleeding gums, joint pain, bruising easily

Question 30

what is rickets caused by

Answer 30

caused by lack of vit D

Question 31

symptoms of vit D

Answer 31

leads to soft, weak bones, especially in children legs may bow under body weight

Question 32

poor diet as risk factor of nutrient defeciencies

Answer 32

main cause anemia - lack of iron scurvy - vitamin C rickets - vit D

Question 33

lack of sunlight as risk factor of nutrient defeciencies

Answer 33

increases risk of vit D (rickets)

Question 34

how does obesity affect the body

Answer 34

extra weight on joints risk for type 2 diabetes high blood pressure - linked to CHD

Question 35

poor diet as risk factor of obesity

Answer 35

high intake of sugar, fats + processed food

Question 36

lack of exercise as risk factor of obesity

Answer 36

calories aren't burned leading to fat storage

Question 37

family history as risk factor of obesity

Answer 37

lack of exercise

Question 38

alcohol and drug misuse effect

Answer 38

liver damage heart strain organ damage immune system suppresion

Question 39

smoking as a risk factor for lung diseases

Answer 39

primary risk for emphysema lung cancer bronchitis

Question 40

whats the 4 things i need to talk about for lung disease

Answer 40

asthma emphysema lung cancer bronchitis

Question 41

what is asthma

Answer 41

airways become inflammed and narrow making it hard to breathe

Question 42

triggering of asthma

Answer 42

exercise, cold air, allergens

Question 43

what is emphysema

Answer 43

long term damage to alveoli - reduced oxygen exchange

Question 44

symptoms of emphysema

Answer 44

breathlessness and fatigue

Question 45

what is lung cancer

Answer 45

uncontrolled cell growth in lung blocks airways invades tissues

Question 46

symptoms of lung cancer

Answer 46

cough, weight loss, chest pain

Question 47

what is bronchitis

Answer 47

inflammation of bronchi - mucus build up, cough, shortness of breath

Question 48

bronchitis is caused by

Answer 48

smoking

Question 49

diet as a risk factor for lung diseases

Answer 49

poor nutrition weakens the immune system

Question 50

stress risk factors

Answer 50

abuse high workload substance misuse isolation

Question 51

physical effects of stress on endocrine

Answer 51

triggers excessive cortisol release which raises blood pressure

Question 52

physical effects of stress on cardiovascular system

Answer 52

increased heart rate and pressre strain

Question 53

physical effects of stress on immune system

Answer 53

suprresses immunity

Question 54

effect of anxiety on nervous system

Answer 54

fight or flight response releasing adrenaline and cortisol

Question 55

cardiovascular system and anxiety

Answer 55

raises heart rate and blood pressure