3.2 Flashcards
Why is urbanisation happening so quickly in some places?
One reason could be that there is a wider variety of jobs and skillsets available to employers and employees too. There is also investment into education, which reinforces the idea of a wider range of skilled and specialised jobs and also an increase in healthcare facilities, leading to a better quality of life.
However outside of these cities which attract this pattern of growth and behaviour there is little for a poorer country just outside to do to be risen to the same level of development. This is why there is a vast difference in speeds of development.
What is suburbanisation?
Suburbanisation is where people move out of the urban areas and city centres into the suburbs for a better quality of life, for example due to emissions.
Pull Factors of a CBD:
There is a wider range of jobs available with specialised roles, which pays better too. There is increased education, including medicine education which means healthcare is way better and the quality of life is higher.
Push factors of a CBD:
People are pushed into the rural areas for reasons such as the fact the land is a much better quality for money, and the scenery is much nicer meaning people can have a better and healthy retirement.
Why have cities like London and New York continued to grow?
These cities attract alot of migrants as there is such a varied system of skills within jobs and such a varied scale of skill needed to be paid well in certain roles. This means migrants with little skills can still be out to a reasonable wage in a decent job, within developed cities like London.
What is the informal economy?
The informal economy means workers are not protected by laws regarding how much hours they work or safety. They do not pay tax and there is no formal documentation of jobs. Common in developing or emerging countries.
What is the formal economy?
The formal economy is protected by the government laws, and operates on a legal and documented system. People pay tax on what they earn, and it is common in developed countries.
One example each for tertiary, quaternary, secondary and primary jobs.
Primary - Wood cutter
Secondary - manufacturing
Tertiary - health service or policing
Quaternary - tech development
Explain urban trends within the CBD
CBD’s have a large amount of accessibility, due to the development of railway systems, tubes (such as the London underground), cabs, A roads, motorways etc. This means there will be many people easily accessing the city on the on the streets. Clothing businesses and shops will do very well here, due to the amount of custom and tourists but the rent is very expensive. Larger companies usually can afford prime spots upon the city market.
