What is attribution?
A perceived reason for the outcome of an event
What does weiner’s attribution model explain?
How people interpret the causes of success and failure
What are the two sections that can be used to explain reasons for winning or losing, according to Weiners attribution model?
The locus of causality and the stability dimension
What is the basic structure of Weiners attribution model?
He suggested that reasons for a sporting outcome can fall into two sections. Each section can be sub divided into 2 parts
What are the 2 subdivisions of the locus of causality, in Weiners attribution model?
Internal and external
What does the locus of causality concern, according to Weiners attribution model?
The amount of control the player has over the outcome of events
What is the meaning of an internal and external attribute, according to Weiners attribution model?
Internal attribute= within the performers control
External attribute= outside of the performers control
What are 2 examples of an internal attribute, according to Weiners attribution model?
Effort and ability
What are 2 examples of an external attribute, according to Weiners attribution model?
Task difficulty and luck
What are the 2 subdivisions of the stability dimension, in Weiners attribution model?
Stable and unstable
What does the stability dimension concern, according to Weiners attribution model?
How changeable the reasons are for the outcome of an event
What is the meaning of a stable and unstable attribute, according to Weiners attribution model?
Stable attribute= unlikely to change in the short- term
Unstable attribute= can change in a short amount of time
What are 2 examples of a stable attribute, according to Weiners attribution model?
Ability and task difficulty
What are 2 examples of an unstable attribute, according to Weiners attribution model?
Luck and effort
Attribution can be used to promote:
Task persistence
What is self serving bias?
Using external and/or unstable reasons for losing
What is task persistence?
The athlete’s willingness to continue with a task, even after setbacks
Explain the 2 effects that attributing failure to internal factors may have on motivation and task persistence:
It can motivate you to improve and increase task persistence so you don’t lose again or it can reduce your confidence and motivation and may mean you quit
What is the purpose of self serving bias?
It helps maintain or enhance self-confidence, self esteem, and motivation, especially after failure
What is learned helplessness?
Using internal and/ or stable reasons for losing
What can learned helplessness lead to?
The performer will begin to doubt their ability to successfully complete a task, decreasing confidence and task persistence
What process can be used to overcome learned helplessness?
Attribution retraining
What is attribution retraining?
Changing the reasons given for success and failure
What is general learned helplessness?
The athlete feels helpless in all situations
-
3.2.3.1.1 Personality and 3.2.3.1.2 attitudes37
-
3.2.3.1.3 Arousal25
-
3.2.3.1.4 Anxiety19
-
3.2.3.1.5 Aggression11
-
3.2.3.1.6 Motivation11
-
3.2.3.1.7 Achievement motivation theory20
-
3.2.3.1.8 Social facilitation INCOMPLETE16
-
3.2.3.1.9 Group dynamics34
-
3.2.3.1.10 Importance of goal setting INCOMPLETE1
-
3.2.3.1.11 Attribution theory28
-
3.2.3.1.12 Self-efficacy and confidence31
-
3.2.3.1.13 Leadership27
-
3.2.3.1.14 Stress management23
