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spring 2015 > Procedures Test 2- spine procedures > Flashcards

Procedures Test 2- spine procedures Flashcards

0
Q

What is the SID for the lateral and oblique C-Spine? Why?

A

72 inches to compensate for increased OID

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1
Q

What 2 joints will be open on a Lateral C-spine?

A

Zygapophyseal and intervertebral disk spaces

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2
Q

When do you do a swimmers projection?

A

When C7/T1 is NOT well demonstrated on a lateral c-spine

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3
Q

Before doing lateral hyperflexion/hyperextension C-spine what must be ruled out?

A

Fractures and pathology

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4
Q

Hyperflexion and hyperextension C-spine views are used to demonstrate what?

A

Used to demonstrate absence of normal movement from trauma or disease and range of motion

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5
Q

What type of breathing is used for the swimmers method?

A

Breathing technique or suspend

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6
Q

What will you have the patient do during the odontoid projection to get the tounge out of the way?

A

Have the patient say “ah”

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7
Q

If the dens is not well demonstrated on the open mouth projection what view can be done to better show the dens?(2 answers)

A

AP and PA dens
AP Fuchs
PA Judd

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8
Q

When doing the Judd method of the Dens if the OML should be how many degrees to the plane of the IR?

A

37 degrees

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9
Q

AP axial oblique projections of the C-spine demonstrate which intervertebral foramen?

A

Side away

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10
Q

PA axial oblique projections of the c-spine which intervertebral foramina are demonstrated?

A

Side closest

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11
Q

When doing the cervical spine obliques how much is the patient rotated?

A

45 degrees

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12
Q

The lateral t spine best demonstrates what?

A

Intervertebral disc spaces and intervertebral foramina

T3 and L1

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13
Q

What is the best type of respiration used for the spine images?

A

Breathing technique or suspend

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14
Q

The lateral C spine shows what in profile?

A

Spinous processes, intervertebral discs, vertebral bodies, and zygapophyseal

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15
Q

How many vertebra should you see on the AP axial c spine image?

A

C3-T1

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16
Q

What intervertebral disc space should be seen on the swimmers?

A

C7-T1

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17
Q

What joint do you see on the AP open mouth odontoid?

A

Atlantoaxial

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18
Q

You will see the dens inside the foramen magnum on which projections? (2 answers)

A

Fuchs and Judd

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19
Q

What two pieces of anatomy are you going to line up and make perpendicular to the IR when doing an open mouth odontoid?

A

Tip of upper incisors and mastoid tip

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20
Q

Where will the CR enter for C spine projections?

A

C4

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21
Q

What is the tube angle for the AP axial c spine?

A

15-20 cephalic

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22
Q

What is the tube angle for the AP oblique c spine? ( RPO/LPO)

A

15-20 cephalic

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23
Q

What is the tube angle for the PA oblique c spine? (RAO/LAO)

A

15-20 caudal

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24
Q

What is the tube angle for the swimmers method?

A

3-5 caudal

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25
Q

Where will the CR enter for the swimmers method?

A

C7-T1 interspace

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26
Q

Where does the CR better for the patient for the Fuchs method?

A

MSP- distal to chin tip

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27
Q

Where does the CR enter the patient for the Judd method?

A

MSP- distal to level of mastoid tips

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28
Q

Where does the CR enter the patient for the open mouth odontoid?

A

Midpoint of the open mouth

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29
Q

By instructing the patient to open their mouth for the AP open mouth odontoid what anatomy are you getting out of the way?

A

Tounge and teeth

30
Q

Obliques of the c-spine (know how to determine what oblique you are looking at based off of the image)

A

Uses markers. If bodies are between it and the foramina

31
Q

Where does the CR enter for the T spine projections?

A

T7

32
Q

How many vertebra will you see?

A

All 12 vertebra

33
Q

Why is it important to have the patient flex their hips and knees when doing the AP lumbar spine?

A

Reduces lordotic curve. Places lower back closer to the table reducing OID

34
Q

What’s the position for swimmers?

A

One closest to IR arm is up, arm is down furthest from IR

35
Q

Which view of the L spine demonstrates the intervertebral foramina?

A

Lateral L spine

36
Q

Which obliques demonstrate the RIGHT zygapophyseal joints in the lumbar spine?

A

RPO and LAO

37
Q

Which obliques demonstrate the LEFT zygapophyseal joints in the lumbar spine?

A

RAO & LPO

38
Q

How much do you rotate the patient when doing oblique L-spine projections?

A

45 degrees

39
Q

Know the Scotty dog

A 
Ear- superior articular process
Nose-transverse process
Eye- pedicle 
Neck- pars interactalis
Body-lamina
Leg-inferior articular process
40
Q

The RPO of the SI joints demonstrates the joint _____ from the IR.

A

Farthest/away

41
Q

So RPO SI joints demonstrates

A

Left

42
Q

The LPO SI joint demonstrates

A

Right

43
Q

The RAO/LAO of the SI joints demonstrates the joint ____ to the IR

A

Closest

44
Q

How much do you rotate the patient when doing oblique SI joints?

A

25-30

45
Q

When doing the lateral sacrum what plane needs to be perpendicular to the IR?

A

Inter iliac plane or line

46
Q

Be Able to describe how to do both images of the scoliosis PA AP Ferguson

A

First image 1 inch above the crest MSP to midline of grid, arms abducted.
Second image- same position but this time elevate the patients hip on the side of primary curve approximately three or four more inches

47
Q

The lateral L spine flexion and extension is used to demonstrate what?

A

Spinal fusion or disc hernination

48
Q

The lateral l spine flexion and extension positions

A

1st image- fetal position flexing spine as much as possible

2nd image- arch posterior extending their spine

49
Q

CR of lateral L spine flexion and extension

A

Spinal fusion or L3-crest

50
Q

The right and left bending L spine projections are used to determine or localize what?

A

Early scoliosis to determine structural change. Localize herniated disc and determine if there is motion in the region of spinal fusion

51
Q

CR of right and left bending L spine projections

A

1-1 1/2 above iliac crest L3 MSP

52
Q

Right and left bending L spine projections positions

A

Bend as much as possible to whatever side and cross opposite leg do not rotate pelvis

53
Q

If the spine is not horizontal to the table for the lateral L spine what positioning tool might you use to adjust this?

A

Sponge or other radiolucent support

54
Q

Why is it good to put a small piece of lead behind the patient when doing lateral images of the spine?

A

Reduce scatter

55
Q

Angle for male L5-s1

A

5 caudal

56
Q

Angle for female L5-S1

A

8 caudal

57
Q

Which projection will demonstrate the L5-S1 joint open in an AP L spine? What else does this projection demonstrate?

A

Ferguson method/ AP axial L5-S1

Both SI joints

58
Q

Where does the CR enter the patient for an AP L-spine?

A

More sacrum- L4 crest MSP

Less sacrum 1 1/2 inches above crest (L3) MSP

59
Q

Where does the CR enter for the lateral L-spine?

A

MCP at crests (L4)

60
Q

What is the CR for the lateral L5-S1 spot?

A

1 1/2 inches below the iliac crest and 2 inches posterior the coronal plane at level of ASIS

61
Q

What is the CR for AP oblique L spines?

A

RPO/LPO 1 1/2 inches above crest(L3) and 2 inches medial to ASIS

62
Q

What is the CR for PA obliques L spine?

A

RAO/LAO 1- 1 1/2 inches above iliac crest and enters elevated side approximately 2 inches to lateral spinous process

63
Q

How much do you angle for the AP Axial L5-S1 joints?

A

30-35 more on females less on males

64
Q

What is the CR for AP axial L5-S1 joints?

A

1 1/2 inches above pubic symphysis MSP

65
Q

What is the CR for oblique SI joints?

A

1 inch medial to elevated ASIS

66
Q

What does the lateral L spine shows in profile?

A

Vertebral bodies, spinous process, intervertebral disc spaces, intervertebral foramina in profile

67
Q

What is the angle for AP sacrum?

A

15 cephalic

68
Q

What is the angle for AP coccyx?

A

10 caudal

69
Q

What is the CR for AP sacrum?

A

2 inches superior to pubic symphysis MSP

70
Q

What is the CR for AP coccyx?

A

2 inches superior to Punic symphysis MSP

71
Q

What is the CR for lateral sacrum?

A

Level of ASIS and to a point 3 1/2 inches posterior

72
Q

What is the CR for the lateral coccyx?

A

2 inches distal ASIS to a point 3 1/2 inches posterior

73
Q

Go over PT positions

A

Fuchs and Judd for sure

spring 2015 (43 decks)

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