What is lymphadenopathy?
Enlarged lymph nodes
Is lymphadenopathy the same as lymphoma?
No
What causes lymphadenopathy?
Infection
Malignancy (lymphoma or metastatic disease)
Connective tissue diseases
What are some B symptoms which accompany lymphoma?
Night sweats
Weight loss
Fever
What are some symptoms specific to Hodgkins lymphoma?
Itch without a rash
Alcohol-induced pain
Which investigation is carried out to exclude lymphoma?
Lymph node biopsy
What are the patterns of lymphadenopathy seen in
a) bacterial
b) viral infection?
a) Regional enlargement
b) Generalised enlargement
Which virus causes glandular fever?
EBV
Glandular fever causes ___ lymphadenopathy.
Why?
Generalised lymphadenopathy
EBV (viral) infection
Malignancy causes ___ lymphadenopathy.
regional
but can also refer to weird places
What is a specific lymphadenopathy seen in some apical lung cancers?
Virchow's node (supraclavicular) enlargement
Viral lymphadenopathy is an inflammatory process - true or false?
False
Bacterial lymphadenopathy is an inflammatory process - true or false?
True
What are some properties of malignancy lymphadenopathy?
Non-tender
Hard
Irregular
Tethered - invading local tissue
How is lymphadenopathy investigated?
Whole node biopsy
Can lymphoma be diagnosed by imaging?
No
What is meant by reactive lymphadenopathy?
Enlarged lymph nodes in response to infection
What lymph node structures enlarge in response to infection, malignancy or connective tissue disease?
Follicles
because the B cells are activated
Immunohistochemistry is similar to immunophenotyping - what is the difference?
Immunophenotyping - fluorescent tags
Immunohistochemistry - chemical stains
Non-Hodgkins lymphoma cells are ____ positive.
CD20+
Which specific cells are seen in Hodgkins lymphoma?
Reed-Sternberg cells
presence of these is the criteria for calling it Hodgkins as opposed to Non-Hodgkins
Which drug can be given to treat Non-Hodgkins lymphoma?
Rituximab
B cell inhibitor
Non-Hodgkins lymphoma is ___ positive.
CD20+
Which genetic analysis can be used to identify the specific type of lymphoma?
FISH
How does rituximab work?
Which type of lymphoma is it used to treat?
Binds to CD20 and induces apoptosis
Non-Hodgkins lymphoma
Which grade of lymphoma is curable using chemotherapy?
High grade lymphoma only
What is a specific, highly aggressive Non-Hodgkins lymphoma?
Burkitt's lymphoma
Which type of lymphoma doesn't respond to chemotherapy but is high grade?
Mantle cell lymphoma
