Puttoff Lecture LOs 11, 12, 13

Question 1

flagella

Answer 1

these are the locomotion devices; they are attached to a basal body and run through both cell membranes in G- and cell walls in both G- and G+.

when they rotate the flagella rotates, giving it chemotaxis

Question 2

Spirochetes chemotaxis

Answer 2

has a flagella that runs under the cell membrane from back to front; they are called periplasmic flagella

Question 3

Pilli

Answer 3

allow for bacterial adherence

Question 4

capsules

Answer 4

polysaccharide capsules that resist phagocytosis: macs and neuts can ingest/digest them

Question 5

Indian ink stain

Answer 5

test to identify bacteria that do not take up dye

Question 6

Quellung reaction

Answer 6

bacteria are mixed with antibodies that bind to the capsule: because of osmosis, the capsule begins to swell and can be seen under a microscope

capsules can be targets with antibodies as well for opsonization

Question 7

Endospores

Answer 7

two kinds, both G+

Clostridium and bacillus

metabolically dormant form that resists temperature/chemical changes

autoclaves are used to destroy them

consist of 5 things: cell mem, thick peptidoglycan mesh, another cell membrane, a wall of keratin like protein, an outer layer called exosporium

Question 8

Biofilms

Answer 8

sugar coats that allow them to stick to prosthetic devices and protects against antibodies

catheters especially sensitive

Question 9

Listen Sally Yer Friend Bruce Must Leave Now

Answer 9

facultative intracellular organisms

1. listeria monocytogenes
2. Salmonella
3. Yersinia
4. Francisella tularensis
5. Brucella
6. Legionella
7. Mycobacterium
8. Nocardia

these guys can be phagocytosed