Spinal cord and spinal Nerves

Question 1

nerve block

Answer 1

loss of sensation in a region due to injection of local anesthetic

Question 2

neuralgia

Answer 2

attacks of pain along the entire course of branch of a sensory nerve

Question 3

neuritis

Answer 3

inflammation of one or several nerves that result from irritation to nerve - direct blows, bone fractures, etc

Question 4

What are the 3 menegies which cover the spinal cord and the brain

Answer 4

dura matter, arachnoid mater & pia matter

Question 5

The spinal cord begins as a continuation of the _______________ and ends at about the ____________ as an adult

Answer 5

medulla oblongata; second lumbar vertebra

Question 6

What on the spinal cord serves as points of origin for nerves to the limbs

Answer 6

cervical and lumbar enlargements

Question 7

the tapered inferior portion of the spinal cored is the ___________, from which arise the_____________ and ____________

Answer 7

conus medullaris, filum terminale and cauda erquna

Question 8

How may roots do the spinal nerves connect to each segment of the spinal cord

Answer 8

2

Question 9

the posterior root contains _____________ and the andterior or vental root contains ______________

Answer 9

sensory axons, motor neuron axons

Question 10

conus medullaris

Answer 10

tapered portion of the spinal cord inferior to the lumbar enlargement between L1-L2

Question 11

filum terminale

Answer 11

non nervous fibrous tissue of the spinal cord that extends inferior from the conus medullaris to the coccyx

Question 12

cauda equina

Answer 12

a tail like array of roots of spinal nerves the the inferior end of the spinal cord L2-coccxy

Question 13

posterior root

Answer 13

have 2 roots, anterior and posterior - where it exits or enters the spinal cord.
structure composed of sensory axons lying between a spinal nerve and the dorsolateral aspect of the spinal cord

Question 14

posteior root ganglion

Answer 14

cluster of nerve cells

a group of cell bodies of sensory neurons and their supporting cells located along the posterior root for a spinal nerve

Question 15

anterior root

Answer 15

the structure composed of axons of efferent neurons that emerges from the anterior aspect of the spinal cord and extends laterally to join a posterior root forming a spinal nerve, also called a ventral root

Question 16

dura matter

Answer 16

most superficial of the 3 spinal meninges, composed of dense irregular connective tissue

Question 17

arachnoid matter

Answer 17

the middle menix, avascular covering delicate collagen fibers and elastic fibers, deep to dura mater

Question 18

epidural space

Answer 18

between the dura mater and the wall of the vertebral canal

Question 19

subdural space

Answer 19

between dura mater and the arachnoid mater which contains interstitial fluid

Question 20

subarachnoid - where is it

Answer 20

between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater is the subarachnoid space, which contains the cerebral spinal fluid

Question 21

denticulate ligaments

Answer 21

triangular shaped m. extension of the pia mater suspend the spinal cods

Question 22

anterior median fissure

Answer 22

deep wide groove on the ventral side, groove

Question 23

posterior median sulcus

Answer 23

shallow narrow groove

Question 24

grey and white commissures

Answer 24

grey is the crossbar inside of the spinal cord,

Question 25

central canal

Answer 25

in the center of the gray commissure, sm. space. Extends entire lengh of the spinal cord and is filled with cerebrospinal fluid

Question 26

anterior, posterior and lateral gray horns

Answer 26

know where they are

Question 27

anterior, posterior and lateral white columns

Answer 27

know where they are

Question 28

plexus

Answer 28

a group of nerves branching

Question 29

how many pairs of cervical nerves are there

Answer 29

8

Question 30

Where do nerves exit in relation to their vertebrae

Answer 30

superior

Question 31

which side of the spinal column will the sensory info arrives

Answer 31

posterior

Question 32

descending tracts what kind of info travels along this route

Answer 32

motor

Question 33

ascending tracts what kind of info travels along these tracts

Answer 33

sensory

Question 34

In what order do the subuits for the brachial plexus go?

Answer 34

Roots -> Trunk-> Divisions -> Cords -> Branches

Question 35

Which plexus does the sciatic nerve arrive from

Answer 35

Sacral plexus

Question 36

Dermatome

Answer 36

Dermatorme is the area of the skin that provides sensory input to the CNS via one pair or spinal nerves or the trigeminal nerve

Question 37

Where do we have no plexi

Answer 37

T2-T12

Question 38

The diaphragm nerves are supplied from where

Answer 38

Cervical plexus

Question 39

Does white matter contain both sensory and motor tracts

Answer 39

Yes

Question 40

Muscle spindle

Answer 40

Stretch receptor

Question 41

Golgi tendon organ

Answer 41

Stretch reception in tendons

Question 42

Reflex

Answer 42

Automatic, sudden, involuntary response to a stimulus

Question 43

What is integration

Answer 43

Part of the reflex via the inter-neuron

Question 44

What is a reflex arc

Answer 44

The pathway followed by a nerve impulse that produce the reflex arc

Question 45

What is the chain of events in a reflex arc

Answer 45

Sensory reception, sensory neuron, integrating centre, motor neuron, effector