Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels. Chap. 23

Question 1

size of blood vessels,

Answer 1

Arteries, Arterioles, veins to venules

Question 2

Which kind of vessels have the following:
Larger lumen, thinner walls
Valves to prevent back flow

Answer 2

Veins

Question 3

Which are smaller? Venules or Veins

Answer 3

venules

Question 4

which type of blood vessels control blood pressure

Answer 4

Arterioles

Question 5

how does sympathetic activity effect blood vessels

Answer 5

vasoconstriction - narrowing

Question 6

What adjusts flow into capilaries

Answer 6

arterioles

Question 7

Where does gas exchange take place

Answer 7

capillaries

Question 8

Smooth muscle in veins vs arteries, which is bigger

Answer 8

Arteries

Question 9

Which type of blood vessel has a larger lumen

Answer 9

veins

Question 10

Where is the slowest rate of blood flow

Answer 10

Slowest rate of flow is through capillaries

Allows time for exchange through wall

Question 11

What creates colloid osmotic pressure

Answer 11

Plasma proteins create this “pulling” pressure

Causes reabsorption of fluid from outside to inside

Question 12

What determines fluid in circulation

Answer 12

Balance of BP and osmosis

Question 13

where does excess fluid go?

Answer 13

excess fluid returned via lymphatic system

Question 14

What are the three mechanisms of venous return

Answer 14

Pressure
Skeletal contractions
Respiratory pump

Question 15

of the blood vessels which vessel has the highest BP

Answer 15

Aorta 110/70 mm Hg

Question 16

The cardiovascular system helps regulate what

Answer 16

Heart rate
Stroke volume
Blood pressure
Blood flow to specific tissues

Question 17

Cardiovascular Center by which mechanisms does it work

Answer 17

By neural mechanisms

By hormonal mechanisms

Question 18

How is capillary filling controlled

Answer 18

by small arterioles and precapillary sphincters

Question 19

What are the factors that regulate blood flow and BP

Answer 19

Blood volume and ventricular contraction  cardiac output

Vascular resistance: opposition to flow (depends on lumen diameter and vessel length + blood viscosity)

Question 20

By which mechanisims is the cardiovascular controlled

Answer 20

Neural & Hormonal

Question 21

When checking blood pressure, how do you know when you have found the diastolic BP

Answer 21

When you lower the pressure futher until sounds become faint

Question 22

When checking blood pressure, how do you know when you have found the systolic BP

Answer 22

lower pressure in cuff until flow just starts - first sound indicates systolic BP

Question 23

The circulatory routes of the body, what are the two main routes

Answer 23

systolic and pulmonary

Question 24

In which ways does the cardiovascular centre receive input from the body

Answer 24

Proprioception, Barorecptors and chemoreceptors